PINE GROSBEAK. 583 
with the Crossbills in many of its habits, as well as in the 
general colouring and changes of its plumage. 
The food of this species is seeds and berries; it frequents 
pine forests, builds a nest of small sticks, with a lining of 
feathers, and usually places it on a branch of a tree, a few 
feet only above the ground. It lays four or five white eggs, 
about one inch long, by ten lines in breadth: and the young 
birds are said to be hatched in June. The male has an 
agreeable song, will sometimes sing at night, and in con- 
finement is said to remain in song nearly the whole of the 
year. ; 
The Pine Grosbeak is more abundant in the northern 
parts of Europe and America than elsewhere, and is 
found in Sweden, Norway, Lapland, Russia, Siberia, and 
sparingly in the north of Germany, but more fre- 
quently now than formerly. According to M. Vieillot, 
it is a very rare bird in France, sometimes seen, and 
then only in winter, in those parts bordermg on Ger- 
many or Switzerland, where there are abundance of Pine 
Forests; but this bird has been seen as far south as Pro- 
vence and Genoa. 
North America appears to be the country in which the 
habits of the Pine Grosbeak have been more attentively ob- 
served, and to the recent describers of the birds of that ex- 
tended region I must refer for particulars. Mr. Audubon 
has observed them in Newfoundland, on the coast of La- 
brador, and at Hudson’s Bay. In the winter of 1836 these 
birds were seen as far south as the vicinity of Philadel- 
phia; and that season also they were abundant in the 
States of New York and Massachusets. Dr. Richardson 
saw them as far north as the 60th parallel. Mr. Audubon, 
in his extended and valuable Ornithological Biography, 
says, “The flight of the Pine Grosbeak is undulating and 
