64 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDUNER. 
[ July 25, 1878, 
intended to imply that they are an indispensable necessity, for 
if the roof ventilation be but thorough, side ventilation is not 
wanted, and fixed sides point of course to a considerable 
saving. Let, therefore, the roof ventilators run from end to 
end of the roof, and consist of a clear space of quite 2 feet in 
width, so as to admit such a large volume of air as to insure a 
brisk and thorough circulation. Avoid a cheap opening ap- 
paratus, let it be strong, and yet so easy that a touch may set 
it in motion. The best principle is that of a spiral shaft and 
stout-jointed levers by which the ventilators may be regulated 
to anicety. The brickwork of the sides and ends consists of 
five courses above ground and six courses below, inclusive of 
the footings. The walls are 9 inches thick, and the footings 
are respectively 134. 18, and, 223 inches, so that a yard in 
length of wall and footings will require 112 bricks, and to 
make enough mortar for five hundred bricks it requires three 
bushels of new grey lime and eighteen bushels of sand. 
The doors should be 13 inch in thickness, and the doorposts 
4 inches by 3, with rebates and beading as in fig. M; rebate lis 
for door and 2 for glass. The central stage has upright sup- 
ports 2 inches by 2 (see 4, fig. A), and the braces (see 5, fig. A) 
are 3 inches by 2. The strips forming the shelves are 2 inches 
by 1, with half-inch spaces between every two strips. The 
woodwork of the side stages is of the same size. 
The glass for the roof to be 21-oz. seconds; size of squares, 
20 inches by 12; and for the sides and ends 16-0z. answers 
very well. The hot-water pipes to be 4-inch and slightly 
elevated above the floor on pipe stands as shown. The scale 
is only for fig. A—EDWARD LUCKHURST. 
NOVELTIES IN THE ROYAL GARDENS, 
ANTHURIUM- BAKERI, a new species, is bearing splendid 
fruit in the house No.1. It is always pleasing to note the 
adaptation of a novelty to some special purpose: and this, 
unlike any other species we remember, has decidedly orna- 
mental and persistent fruit, and appears suitable for showing 
in a loose arrangement of cut flowers. To such, an addition of 
this kind is both in good taste and generally attractive. The 
berries are scarlet and grow very densely on a spike 4 inches 
long ; its spathe is small and green without any beauty. In 
habit this plant is similar to A. Schertzerianum, but is quite 
distinct in its long, narrow, coriaceous leaves. It was intro- 
duced from Costa Rica. : 
In the herbaceous department Fritillaria Hookeri, an impor- 
tant and quite recent introduction, has just flowered. It is so 
intermediate in character as to be classed-with almost equal 
propriety among the Lilies, and this with its unusual colour, 
a pale lilac, makes it a most interesting plant. Its nearest 
ally, F. macrophylla, is perhaps best known as Lilium Thom- 
sonianum, but we follow Mr. Baker, who has devoted the most 
critical study to this as well as to most other groups of Mono- 
cotyledons. The peculiarity of its colour is immediately 
noticed, and also that there is no tessellation, then, that the 
bracts form but one series with the leaves. The lowest flower 
is subtended by a leaf of considerable size, and the highest by 
a small bract. It grows about a foot high, and bears five or 
six flowers an inch long. Sir Joseph Hooker discovered this 
Fritillary in the temperate region of the Sikkim Himalaya, 
where it grows at a height of 9000 to 10,000 feet, and to Mr. 
Elwes is due the credit of its introduction. Primula capitata 
is a rarity of great merit on the rockwork. It has a dense 
head of remarkably deep blue-purple flowers, and the scape is 
coyered with a dense white meal, making it still more aitrac- 
tive. It was introduced some years ago, but we believe had 
been lost till recently. The new Delphinium Cashmerianum 
is also in flower; it has blue flowers and very dwarf habit, 
which makes it suitable for positions to which most other 
species are not adapted. On the strip of rockwork devoted to 
the order in the herbaceous ground we find Sedum semper- 
viyoides, a rare species not unlike Sempervivum in foliage, 
but when it flowers is strikingly like a small scarlet-flowered 
Rochea. Umbilicus Semperviyum, now past its best, is also 
worthy of note; it has a pretty rosette of broad leayes and 
with a large number of pale pink flowers. Antholyza angusta 
and A. Meriana yar. Ludwigii are Irids of great merit for the 
open ground, appearing as they do to be hardy. The first is 
scarlet and the latter inclines towards salmon. Both are of 
similar shape, haying long tubular flowers with spreading limb. 
Habrothamnus aurantiacus is quite a picture in the house 
No. 4, and we venture to draw attention to it, since, though 
not new, it is still uncommon and known tofew. The panicles 
KEW. 
are a foot long and composed of numberless bright yellow 
flowers. It is planted out, and in ‘that way, like its relative 
H. elegans, appears to do much the best. Berberidopsis coral- 
lina, perhaps the most ornamental of climbing Berberids, is 
now profusely bearing its globular deep red flowers. 
Trapa natans is flowering and fruiting freely in the Victoria 
tank, It is known usually as the Water Chestnut—sometimes, 
however, as Water Caltrops, from its resemblance to an instru- 
ment of ancient warfare used to impede the progress of cavalry 
by strewing it on the ground. It has considerable interest 
and value, the first on account of its peculiar fruit, the horns 
of which, it is interesting to observe, are the enlarged persistent 
sepals. Here the transition is clearly seen. In the south of 
Europe, where very abundant, the farinaceous partis made 
into bread and also is eaten raw extensively ; it is said to 
have formed a considerable part of the food of the ancient 
Thracians. It has been suggested that it would be a valuable 
introduction to this country and might be naturalised. The 
possibility of its becoming so is more than doubtful, since it 
rarely flowers under cultivation out of doors, and still more 
rarely fruits. In the Victoria tank, too, it seems to enjoy the 
temperature of 85° Fahr., and is quite at home. The floating 
triangular-toothed leaves form elegant radiant clusters, and 
the petioles have a spindle-shaped swelling analogous to that 
of Pontederia crassipes. 
In the Palm house may be noted an Acanthad, evidently 
useful and ornamental, but still unknown, we believe, out of 
Kew. This is Beleperone plumbaginifolia, a native of Brazil. 
It branches freely into many slender stems, which arch in a 
graceful manner. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate, 2 or 3 
inches long, each in its axil bearing a cluster of flowers in 
shape and colour much like those of the old favourite Justicia 
carnea, but slightly reduced in size. In the Lily house Batatas 
paniculatus, a splendid climber with lilac flowers, similar in 
shape to those of Ipomza Horsfalliz, but still larger, is grow- 
ing round the rails of the tank at a fast rate, and bids fair to 
form for it a floral wreath. 
Among choice ornamental shrubs we notice several to be 
very fine at Kew. Rosa moschata has free growth, suitable 
for rambling over rocks or roots, and the profusion of single 
white flowers makes it hichly attractive. Among the Ligus- 
trums we know of none more graceful than L. sinense ; it has 
light-looking foliage, and the panicles of white flowers have 
had a fine effect in several shrubberies. Spirza Nobleana is 
in fine condition, and the less known S. ariefolia will shortly 
haye an appearance almost equal to masses of Hoteia. 
Scolymus maculatus, a Thistle-like plant with many stems 
of brilliant yellow flowers, is now the most showy of herb- 
aceous plants at Kew. It grows about 3 feet high, and for 
the wild garden is a splendid plant. Salvias are interesting 
to many, and a species we haye not before seen is S. farinacea ; 
it grows erect, bearing pretty ovate smooth leaves, with spikes 
of delicate blue flowers, each with a white spot on lower lip. 
Veronica devoniensis forms a neat-growing dense shrub; the 
leayes are small, and the racemes of white flowers are number- 
less. Phlomis fruticosa, the Jerusalem Sage, is an old favourite 
well known to many, and one of the most quaint plants for 
select shrubberies. 
WOLVERHAMPTON HORTICULTURAL SHOW. 
THIS was in eyery respect a good one, and showed a marked 
improvement on the last held. Some of the best exhibits came 
from very unpromising localities, being uncomfortably near to the 
Black Country, and consequently reflected greater credit on the 
exhibitor for the extra care and attention necessarily bestowed 
on them ; in fact being a good instance of what competition will 
encourage men to do under difficulties, The best collection of 
plants was staged by Mz. Taylor, gardener to J. Evans, Esq., who 
was also first in the classes for stove and greenhouse plants, fine- 
foliaged plants, a collection of fruit, Pines, Peaches, and Tomatoes. 
Mr. Bucknell, gardener to H. Lovatt, Esq., was first in the classes 
for a single specimen foliage plant, Achimenes, and Cockscombs. 
Mr. Edwards, gardener to E. F. Smith, Esq., was first for Black 
and White Grapes, Cucumbers, Calceolarias, and a single plant in 
bloom. Mr. Coleman, gardener to W. Bayliss, Esq,, was first for 
British Ferns, Gloxinias, and Caladiums. Mr. Crowe, gardener to 
Stavely Hill, Esq., M-P., was first for Zonal Pelargoniums, Pota- 
toes, &c. Mr. Witts,-gardener to’ D. North, Esq., was first for 
Exotic Ferns and the heaviest bunch of Grapes ; and Mr. Dean, 
gardener to R. Kittle, Esq., for Pelargoniums, a collection of 
plants, Balsams, &c. The competition in the Fuchsia classes was 
very spirited, the first prize bemg well won by Mr. Collins, gar- 
dener to E. F. Gough, Esq., who was also successful in other 
