August 15, 1878. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
127 
high the girth is 25 inches. This tree wears the most flourish- 
ing appearance at present. 
On a former occasion I gaye my opinion of the manner in 
which it should be sown—viz., to sow the seed where the plant 
is intended to remain, as the tendency of the Eucalyptus is to 
send down a strong tap root, which is the main support of the 
plant afterwards. If raised in pots the tap root assumes a 
spiral attitude, which it retains, and is therefore liable to be 
disturbed by every breeze and ultimately upset, whereas if 
sown where intended to remain the roots naturally assume 
their proper shape and direction for the future stay and sup- 
port of the plant. Seeds of the above sown here on June 9th, 
1876, in patches in the open ground have made rapid progress. 
IT have treated them thus: As soon as the plants attained the 
height of 9 inches I remoyed all but the most promising, 
which are now 14 feet high and of the most perfect form and 
healthy appearance. In my opinion also the side shoots of 
the Hucalyptus require when young constant stopping as a 
young Fuchsia, which has the effect of strengthening the plant 
and giving it ability to stand unsupported—A. CAMPBELL, 
Suchross Gardens. 
THE TRANSFUSION OF ESSENCES. 
WE have had many instances of what may be called the 
transfusion of the essences of plants; one of these is familiar 
to everyone in Cytisus Adami, and we some years ago fur- 
nished another, where the essence of Doyenné Defais Pear was 
so transfused by the pollen into a tree of Beurré Superfin that 
the fruit of the latter actually produced fruit of Doyenné 
Defais, which we ourselves saw. The case which has now 
come under our observation is that of the Madresfield Court 
Vine, the essence of which has been transfused by grafting 
Aas in the case of Cytisus Adami) into a plant of the Vine 
called Sarbelle Frontignan. The former produces a large 
handsome Grape and the latter a small and insignificant one ; 
yet, through the operation of grafting, the essence and indivi- 
duality of the former have so perfectly passed into the latter 
that it has produced a fine bunch of Madresfield Court fruit, 
which is now lying before us. We cannot do better than to 
print the communication which our esteemed correspondent 
Mr. Barrell has sent us :— 
“A freak of Nature (if that be the proper term for such a case) 
has occurred in my vinery, which I am told by some eminent hor- 
ticulturists is so remarkable that I send youa description. About 
eight. years ago I planted three houses, each 20 feet square, with 
several varieties of Grapes. One of them, which has been appro- 
priated as a stove, was planted with Muscat of Alexandria and 
Muscat Hamburgh. The next year one of the Muscat of Alex- 
andria failed, and I replaced it by one of which at that time I 
knew nothing—yviz., Muscat Sarbelle. This I have fruited for the 
last four. years, and have found it as Dr. Hogg describes in his 
‘Fruit Manual, ‘hardly worth a vinery, and therefore last year 
I inarched Madresfield Court upon it froma Vine ina pot. “The 
scion duly united and was cut from its parent, after which it con- 
tinued to grow for some time. At the usual time of dressing and 
pruning I was about to cut back the stock to the inarch, when it 
(the inarch) came completely off; leaving not a trace behind. I 
told my gardener to leave the stock alone after that, as a few 
bunches of Muscat Sarbelle would be better than a blank space, 
and we would again inarch or graft it this year. Can you judge 
of my surprise at finding that the fruit the old cane of Muscat 
Sarbelle has brought forth very closely resembles the Madresfield 
Oourt, and is certainly as unlike the former Muscat Sarbelle as it 
well could be? 
“I send you (by rail, carriage paid) the last bunch I have that 
you may see it for yourself, and although it is much smaller and 
im worse condition than the others, it will be sufficient to demon- 
strate the curious sport. I regret that I did not think of it sooner 
so that you might have had a perfect bunch. I have left a 
lateral this year below the place of inarching, which I purpose 
fruiting next year to see if the same influence has in any degree 
been transmitted downwards as well as upwards.” 
The fruit sent is certainly that of Madresfield Court, rich in 
flavour, and with a more decided flayour of the Frontignan 
than is found in the normal form. 
This is another instance which confirms our observations 
made at Culford Hall, and which have been so much discussed 
and questioned, and we can relate others. The following, 
observed at Dr. Newington’s, are cases where the scion has 
exercised an influence on the stock. 
The tip of a shoot of a Madresfield Court Vine was grafted 
_ on a shoot of Black Hamburgh, and produced at 6 feet below 
the junction a bunch of Grapes haying the round berries of 
Black Hamburgh, the normal form of the Madresfield Court 
being oval. 
A Madresfield Court Vine had a White Muscadine grafted 
on it, and then it produced round Grapes; but when the Mus- 
cadine was removed it recovered its normal form and produced 
oval Grapes.—H. 
GHUM COCCINEUM FLORE-PLENO. 
A CORRESPONDENT, “LL. L. D.,” quoting the remarks relative 
to this plant which appear on page 398, vol. xxxiv.—namely, 
that it is one of the ‘earliest, brightest, and finest” of hardy 
border plants, adds that it is not only early but late, because 
it flowers with him continuously from early spring to late 
summer. He sends us flowers, such as he is in the habit of 
cutting for decorative purposes throughout the season, and 
Fig. 18.—Geum coccineum flore-pleno. 
urges the advisability of others having a similar supply. The 
flowers are well represented in the accompanying engraving, 
and it is only necessary to add that they are a brilliant deep 
scarlet in colour. The plants, we are informed, which flower 
so profusely are raised from seed, which is sown at the same 
time and in the same manner as Sweet William seed, and the 
plants have the same treatment as Sweet Williams. A bed of 
this fine old semi-double Geum should be in every garden 
where a supply of scarlet flowers is required for vase decora- 
tion. Young plants produce finer flowers and produce them 
more continuously than old plants, and hence it is advisable 
to sow a little seed annually so as to ensure a stock of vigorous 
plants. Plants raised from seed sown now would in all pro- 
bability yield some flowers next year, and would certainly 
produce an abundant supply the year following. It is a 
border flower of the first order of merit, but to see it to the 
best advantage it should be grown in large masses. 
OUR BORDER FLOWERS—POLEMONIUMS. 
WERE I intending to form a collection of hardy herbaceous- 
foliaged plants I should most certainly turn my attention to 
