August 29, 1878. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
173 
alpines at present, only herbaceous perennials.—JOHN B. M. 
Camm, Charmouth. 
[The following are amongst the best hardy perennials flower- 
ing during the first half of the year. The prices range from 6d. 
to3s. 6d.,and would probably average ls. to 1s. 3d. all through. 
Gentiana gelida 
G. verna 
Hemerocallis flava 
H. graminea 
H. japonica 
Hepatica angulosa 
H. triloba alba 
H. triloba czerulea plena 
H. triloba rubra fi.-pl. 
Iberis corifolia 
I. gibraltarica 
Tris iberica 
I, susiana 
Linum flayum 
Lithospermum prostratum 
Lychnis chalcedonica fl.-pl. 
L. chalcedonica alba fi.-pl. 
L. Haageana 
Michauxia campanuloides 
Mimulus moschatus Harrisoni 
Myosotis palustris semperflorens 
M. dissititiora 
Nierembergia rivularis 
Anemone apennina 
A, stellata fulgens 
Anthericum graminifolium 
A. Liliago 
A. Liliastrum 
Aquilegia chrysantha 
A. czrulea 
A, cerulea alba 
A. Witmanniana 
Campanula carpathica alba 
Cc. pulla 
C. pumila alba 
C. turbinata 
C. turbinata albida 
C. Van Houttei 
Centranthus ruber 
C. ruber alba 
Cheiranthus alpinus 
Conyolvulus mauritanicus 
Delphinium Agamemnon 
D. alopecuroides 
D. atro-violacea 
D.azureum plenum 
D. Barlowi perfectum Cénothera macrocarpa 
D. Belladonna Q. riparia 
D. Felix Poulet Peonia anemoneflora 
D. cardinale Papaver alpinum 
D. cashmerianum P. bracteatum 
D. conspicua P. orientale 
D. Emperor of Prussia Primula cortusoides amcena 
D. formosum P. cortusoides amcena alba 
D. formosum czlestinum P. japonica 
Dielytra spectabilis Spirzea aruncus 
S. japonica 
S. palmata 
S. Filipendula flore-pleno 
D. spectabilis alba 
Erythronium giganteum 
Gentiana acaulis 
G. alpina S. venusta 
G. asclepiadea Viola cucullata 
G. bavarica Y. pedata 
—WILLIAM TAYLOR. | 
CHOICE GARDEN ORCHIDS.—No. 3. 
AERIDES, Lour. 
(Continued from page 486, Vol. XXXIV.) 
Aérides Houlletianum, Rehb. fils. Syn., A. Mendellvi, Hort.— 
This rare species in habit of growth appears to be intermediate 
between A. virens and A. falcatum. Leaves strap-shaped, 
slightly recurved, tightly clasping the stem at the base, 6 to 
7 inches long, light shining green in colour. Racemes simple, 
pendant. Flowers resembling in shape those of A. falcatum. 
Sepals and petals buff, shading towards the base into creamy 
white. Lip large, deep purple in front, white towards the base. 
Summer months. Cochin-China. 1868. 
A. nobile, Hort. (Warn. Select Orchid. Ist Series, t. 11).— 
A very handsome species, by some considered a form only of 
A. suayissimum ; it differs, however, in the three lobes of the 
labellum being nearly or quite equal in length, and the middle 
lobe being very slightly bifid. Leaves ligulate, obliquely emar- 
ginate at the apex; colour pale green, with darker dots both 
on leaves and stem. Raceme 2 to 3 feet long, branched, many- 
flowered. Flowers very fragrant. Sepals and petals spreading 
widely, white suffused with rose. Lip three-lobed; the side 
lobes large, creamy yellow ; middle lobe tongue-shaped, slightly 
bifid, with entire margins, white, freckled with rosy purple. 
Spur conical, incurved, yellow dotted with red. June to 
August. Jaya. 
A. crassifolium, Rehb. fils—This extremely rare species has 
only flowered a few times in this country, but it lays claim to 
rank amongst the very finest inthe genus. It is a dwarf dense- 
habited plant. Leaves closely imbricating at the base, lorate, 
obliquely bilobed at the apex, coriaceous in texture, dark green, 
freckled with purple dots.. Raceme pendant, longer than the 
leaves, many-flowered. Sepals and petals oblong obtuse, deep 
pink, white towards the base. Lip large and spreading, deep 
pink. May and June. Moulmein. 1872. 
A, Lobbii.—A fine species, of which we, however, have failed 
to find any figure to refer to. Leaves closely imbricating, 
lorate, obtusely bilobed at the apex, some $ to 10 inches or 
more long, and bright green. Raceme pendant, very much 
longer than the leaves, frequently branched, many-flowered. 
Sepals and petals about equal, oblong obtuse, white suffused 
with rosy pink. Lip spreading, acute, rosy pink and white 
with frequent spots. Juneand July. Moulmein. 
A, Lobbii, Hort.; var. Atnsworthii, Hort.—This variety is 
probably represented in this country by only one plant, and 
therefore unique. It is a grand form, in which the raceme is 
wonderfully developed and the flowers wholly rich purplish 
crimson, June and July. Moulmein. 1818, 
WEEDS. 
A CORRESPONDENT, “A. B.,” requires to know the best way 
of getting rid of weeds, and for answer one might naturally 
reply, ‘Chop them up.” But this is a matter of such import- 
ance in the economy of a garden that I cannot lose this 
opportunity of drawing more particular attention to it. 
Weeds are a source of vexation for many reasons. They entail 
a positive loss by exhausting the supplies of nutritious matter 
stored up in the soil for the benefit of the legitimate crops > 
they are offensive to the eye, and above all—-and this is my 
point—the larger they grow the more loss do they entail and 
the more difficult are they to eradicate. Taken in their in- 
fancy as they first spring from the soil hundreds of them may 
be destroyed eyery time a light sharp hoe is drawn over the 
surface, and in a brief half hour as much work is done, and. 
done, too, to far better purpose, than could subsequently be 
effected under several hours. Frequent surface-dressings, more- 
over, are highly beneficial to growing crops ; it is a well-known 
fact that the metropolitan market gardeners find it profitable 
to have the surface often stirred with hoes among growing 
crops, which are thus brought earlier to maturity than wher 
left alone with soil drawn up to the stems after the ordinary 
fashion. 
There is no saving, no economy, in leaving weeds to grow at 
random for a month or two and then taking on extra labourers. 
to clear them away, for then heavy hoes are required and they 
must be wielded with considerable power. Nor can the weeds 
be left to die, most large weeds retaining suflicient vitality 
after they are chopped up to start again into growth after the 
first shower, so there is nothing for it but raking them off and 
wheeling them in barrows to the rubbish heap, all which work 
is a great waste of time and money. Let me therefore advise 
“A,B.” and every reader of the Journal to keep the size of 
their gardens well within the scope of their means, so as to 
be able to keep down the weeds; and, by affording an ample 
supply of labour power to thoroughly cultivate the soil, secure 
crops more abundant and finer than ever can be had under 
the wasteful method that is now much too preyalent.— 
EDWARD LUCKHURST, 
NATURAL PRODUCTIONS OF CYPRUS. 
A CORRESPONDENT has forwarded us the following remarks. 
on Cyprus, taken from Franz yon Loherand Mrs. A. B. Joyner = 
“The principal productions are cotton, hemp, silk, corn, 
opium, tobacco, turpentine, liquorice, madder, several dye 
woods, gum tragacanth, and colocynth. Fruits of all kinds, in 
particular Grapes, Oranges, Lemons, Pomegranates, Olives, 
Walnuts, Figs, Mulberries, Apricots, &c.; the Carob Tree 
(Ceratonia siliqua) abounds in some districts. There were 
once extensive plantations of Sugar-cane. Large quantities 
of fine vegetables are grown. Cyprus was celebrated for 
Roses ; Hyacinths, Anemones, Ranunculuses, Narcissus, Pop- 
pies, &c., grow wild. Trees and shrubs of all kinds grow 
luxuriantly, including Pines, Firs, Cypresses, Ashes, Oaks, 
Beeches, Elms, Myrtles, evergreens, Oleanders, &c. One of 
the most important plants of the island is Ferula graeca, of 
the stalks of which the Cypriotes form a great part of their 
household furniture, and the pith is used instead of tinder for 
conveying fire from one place to another. 
“The peasantry distil rose, orange, and lavender waters, 
myrtle and ladanum oil. 
“ Climate.—The climate is generally healthy, excepting on 
some parts of the coast, but this is entirely due to the neglected 
state of the country; if the much-needed drainage was pro- 
perly carried out the most satisfactory result would ensue. As 
in most eastern countries, the rain falls at stated periods, com- 
mencing about the middle of October and continuing until the 
end of April, with the exception of February, which is often 
quite dry; after June slight showers fall from time to time, 
but have little power to modify the heat, which is, however, 
tempered occasionally by a cool wind. In September the great 
heat sets in, but does not continue for any length of time. 
The climate is, of course, cooler in the more mountainous por- 
tion of the west than in the flat eastern side. 
“General Cesnola lived ten years in the island ; his summer 
