320 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ October 24, 1878. 
VINES IN GREENHOUSE (J. C. V.)—We think you may succeed in ripen- 
ing Black Hamburgh Grapes in your greenhouse, but we doubt if you will 
succeed equally well with Peaches on the back wall. You might try, how- 
ever, a tree of Royal George. A minimum temperature in winter of 35° to 
40° will be ample for preserving Geraniums and similar plants, and more heat 
would be injurious to the Vines and Peach trees. 
COARSE WEEDS (R. Wuthen).—You will have great difficulty in eradicat™ 
ing the weeds. The only remedies are draining the soil and cutting down 
the weeds as soon as they appear. 
CHERRIES (Llanberis)—If you will inform us in what form you purpose 
growing the Cherry trees, and for what purpose thefruit is required, whether 
for dessert or kitchen use or both, we will endeavour to aid you. You ask 
for three of the best Morellos. There is only one Morello, or two if we in- 
clude Belle Magnifique, which is also known as Morello de Charmenx. 
Moss ON TOMBSTONES (J. S.).—Mr. West, Northlands, Salisbury, states 
that ammoniacal liquor or gas water will kill all moss or any vegetation on 
tombstones, The liquor is readily obtainable at gasworks at a trifling cost. 
After the ammonia has been applied, and the stone has become quite dry, 
scrub it with arongh broom to dislodge the moss. Mr. West also finds the 
gas water an excellent application for killing weeds and moss on gravel 
walks, and for imparting to the gravel a new and fresh appearance. 
FORCING VINES IN Pots (Z. £. G.).—Though the Black Muscat forces 
well, also Muscat of Alexandria, early in January is quite soon enough to 
commence forcing those kinds, as they do not set well in the dull winter 
Months, nor ripen perfectly without considerable sun heat. Black Ham- 
burgh and Muscat of Alexandria are the two best Grapes in existence, and 
succeed admirably in the same house, they forming a good succession. If 
you start forcing early in November we advise Black Hamburgh, Golden 
Hamburgh, Foster’s Seedling, and White Frontignan; say twelve of the 
Black Hamburgh, two each of Golden Hamburgh and Foster's Seedling, and 
four of White Frontignan, which last is rich in Muscat flavour. 
CONSERVATORY ARRANGEMENT (df7s. Hir'st)—The borders at the sides 
are much too narrow for the growth of plants, though they will answer very 
well for climbers, and you might have a shelf the width of the border all 
round the house except the doorway, which would be available for flowering 
plants in pots. The-space at the ends of the centre bed with fountain in 
the centre may be planted with Camellias in a prepared border ; but in so 
narrow a house we should not have any plants planted out except the 
climbers, but would have the flowering and other decorative plants in pots 
or tubs as may be required. In the case of borders for planting ont, they 
Tequire to be wide to accommodate such plants as Dracenas, Tree Ferns, 
&c., which have a considerable spread of head; therefore we should keep to 
the pot system, which will admit of your having greater variety and succes- 
sion of flowering plants, some of the plants being grown in other structures 
and removed to the conservatory when in flower. 
ERRATA.—Messrs. Veitch’s new Cattleya described on page 294s Mastersi 
ana, should have been “Mastersoniana,” and the white Anthurium 
** A. Schertzerianum album.” 
NAMES OF FRUITS (Roxeth).—Lewis's Incomparable. (Z. R. Z.)—1, Louise 
Bonne of Jersey ; 2, Paradise d’Automne; 3, Baronne de Mello. (A. Powell). 
—1, Hawthornden ; 2, Nonesuch ; 3, Cellini. (B.)—1, Golden Winter Pear- 
main; 2,not known; 3, Golden Reinette ; 4, Winter Peach. (£. H. A.).— 
1, Doyenné Boussoch; 2, not known; 3, Reinette de Canada; 4, Tower of 
Glamis; 5, Nouveau Poiteau; 6, Beurré Diel. (Ff. J.).—1, Nelson Codlin; 
2, Cellini; 3, Pott’s Seedling; 4, Gloria Mundi. Pears—l, Beurré Diel; 
2, Louise Bonne of Jersey. (James Wood)—1, Blenheim Pippin ; 2, London 
Pippin; 3, Pearson’s Plate. There were no numbers on the others. The 
Peach is undoubtedly Salwey. (2. Zroop).—l, Marie Louise; 2, Lonise 
Bonne of Jersey. (J. Iggulden).—1, Reinette de Canada; 2, Waltham Abbey 
Seedling; 3, Cox’s Orange Pippin; 4, Hollandbury. The small Pear is 
Orange Tulipée. (H. Gadd)—1|, Beauty of Kent; 2, Hall Door; 3, Tower 
of Glamis; 4, Formosa Pippin; 5, Alfriston; 6, Mére de Ménage. (E. C.. 
—The Pear may be Zéphirin Grégoire, but the specimens are too imperfect 
for us to determine with certainty. (C.J. V., Kilkool)—Beurré Capiaumont. 
It is not unusual for Pears to bloom and bear fruit a second time the same 
season. (£. W.).—l; Blenheim, 5, Golden Pippin; 7, London Pippin; 9, 
Royal Russet ; 10, Hawthornden ; 12, Sturmer Pippin. 
NAMES OF PLANTS (7. O. G.).—We think it is Santolina incana, but 
the spray was crushed in transit. (Ama/eu?)—Colchicum autumnale flore- 
pleno. The Roses will stand in the winter in a cold frame. (Kappa). 
Tussilago japonica fol. variegata. (/. A. Fawkes)—Caper Spurge (Euphor- 
bia Lathyris). (Young Gardener) —1, Aster sp.; 2, A. Tradescanti (?); 3, 
Sedum Sieboldii. We do not name florists’ flowers. (Bathgatensis)—You 
should send Ferns in fruit. 7 is Cystopteris fragilis. (New Subscriber).— 
1, Limnanthes Donglasii; 2, Aster Amellus; 3 and 4, A. Nove-anglie ; 
5, Coronilla Emerus; 6, Hypericum grandifolium? (Ramalho).—Madeiran 
Fern is Asplenium umbrosum. The only general synopsis of Ferns is Hooker 
and Baker's, now in its second edition, pubhshed by Hardwicke. (£. H.).— 
2, Pteris quadriaurita var. argyrea; 3, P.cretica albo-lineata; 4, Lomaria 
discolor ; 5, Scolopendrium vulgare. (Jf J. Carpenter)—Pellea rotundi- 
folia ; Aspidium (Cyrtomium) faleatum. (H. W.)—The Fern is Polypodium 
cambricum ; the Begonia, Evansiana. We cannot with certainty name the 
Fuchsia, there are so many so nearly alike. Itresembles Avalanche. (W.W.,). 
—Pyrethrum uliginosam. (F. C.)—Cotoneaster microphylla. Sow the 
berries in pans, or graft it on the White Thorn. 
THE HOME FARM: 
POULTRY, PIGEON, AND BEE CHRONICLE. 
HORNED EWES AND LAMBS. 
(Continued from page 303.) 
As we have before stated, there is less risk and loss at lambing 
time with this stock of either ewes or lambs in consequence of 
the lambs falling in October and November when the weather is 
comparatively mild. When lambing takes place in December 
and January it is necessary to resort to the lambing yard and 
shed, whereas in the former case a fold at night upon some dry 
and sheltered pasture is all that is requisite. Without the home 
fold the shepherd would find it impossible to give that attention 
at night if the ewes were allowed to roam at large in the pastures, 
as we find that ewes when about to lamb usually draw away from 
the rest of the flock, and in case of a dark night the shepherd 
would find it difficult to attend them individually when allowed 
to lie over a whole field. In the fold the shepherd, even in the 
darkest night, when provided with a lantern will be able to 
notice those requiring his assistance, and the young lambs when 
they fall cannot stray away from the mother and be lost. Small 
pens with a little straw at bottom are made a hurdle square 
to place the ewes and their lambs in, and this is especially neces- 
sary with twins, and when perhaps ten or twenty ewes may 
lamb during one night. As fast as the lambs become strong 
enough the ram lambs should be castrated when they are about. 
three weeks old, and twin or weakly lambs at about a month 
old. 
When the lambs are old enough to commence feeding it is 
requisite, not only for their own sake but also for the advantage 
of the ewes, that their food should be of the best, so that the 
ewes should be relieved to some extent of the heavy call made 
upon them, and that they may begin to lay on flesh at the earliest 
period, with the view of their being made fit for the butcher at 
the time when the lambs go to market. In order to effect this 
desirable object the ewes must also be fed in the best possible 
manner ; and when the change is to be made from pasture to root- 
feeding on the arable land it is best to have troughs in the 
pasture, so that the ewes may receive a small quantity of cut 
roots and such food as they will be required to eat when they go 
on the arable land. They will then become somewhat accus- 
tomed to root-feeding, otherwise the sudden change from grass 
to root-feeding interferes with the condition of the ewes, and 
often diminishes the milk, which checks the lambs. Before com- 
mencing root-feeding it is a good plan to have a portion of 
roots, whether of turnips, Swedes, or carrots, pulled and prepared 
for the cutter about a fortnight before they are required for 
use. In trough-feeding this will give time for the work of pre- 
paring to be kept well in advance of the sheep, because frost, 
wet weather, or snow often prevents the parties engaged in 
continuing the work, and thus stops the system of feeding, 
which when once began cannot be discontinued without serious 
loss to both ewes and lambs. We recommend that the lambs 
should receive cut roots as well as the ewes. It is, however, 
a practice with some farmers to allow the lambs to run over 
the turnip greens in advance of the ewes ; but we object to this 
system, and prefer a fold in adyance of the ewes. To feed them 
without anything but trough food the Jambs will not only by 
this plan of feeding be more healthy and avoid the scour often 
produced by frosted turnip greens, but they will prove of better 
quality when fit for sale. 
We do not propose here to describe the method of feeding the 
lambs, it haying been fully explained in all its details inan article 
in this Journal upon the management of forward down lambs in 
yol. xxxiy., page 137. We prefer in the interest of the home farm 
to state our plan of holding over or the purchase of horned 
ewes in the spring of the year in preference to purchasing the 
ewes in lamb in the autumn, and carried out by us for a long 
series of years, which we can with confidence recommend, par- 
ticularly where only a few ewes of this breed are kept as orna- 
mental objects on the park and pasture lands. If we have a 
flock of considerable extent of ewes purchased in the autumn a2 
portion of these will usually drop their lambs too late to feed 
the ewes fat whilst suckling their lambs. We therefore put all 
the ewes which lamb after the 20th of November upon moderate 
keep, say hay and rocts without cake, but let the lambs run in 
advance and be fed in the best possible manner. These ewes in 
the spring will consequently be found in only good useful stock 
condition, and after their lambs are sold they are treated for the 
rest of the summer months as stock animals. If we require to 
