October 31, 1878. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER, 
327 
that exists, good for garden, show, pot, or forcing, is not so | fair crop of fruit growing in a large span-roofed plant house. 
much as named in the election list—R. W. BEACHEY. 
WINTERING CALCEOLARIAS. 
HAVE any of your correspondents wintered their Calceo- 
larias in an orchard house? If not, allow me to recommend 
the following plan which has been successful here :—A one- 
light frame is placed in the house facing south containing 
about 3 inches of sandy soil, into which the cuttings are thickly 
dibbled, well watered, and closely shut for some time. The 
advantages are—air can nearly always be given, therefore 
damping-off is reduced to a minimum ; the plants can be daily 
exposed to the light instead of being enclosed in darkness for 
a week as is frequently the case with the ordinary plan, and 
if extra covering be required, which will seldom be necessary, 
it will be dry instead of being saturated with wet. The frame 
is 2 feet 10 inches by 2 feet 11 inches, and contains about 320 
plants. In April they are planted in a cold frame out of doors, 
and gradually hardened off for bedding-out in May.—C. T, H. 
GRAPES NOT COLOURING. 
“4 KITCHEN GARDENER” in his remarks under the above 
heading, without actually committing himself to the opinion 
that the very intensely hot weather experienced during July 
was the cause of a slight deficiency in the colour of his Black 
Hamburgh Grapes, is evidently very much inclined to think 
that such was the case. As he remarks, want of colour is a 
very serious affair indeed—in fact, is the one great drawback 
to many otherwise very fine crops. Intense heat may be the 
indirect cause of failure; at the same time two houses of 
Grapes in one locality under different treatment not unfre- 
quently present a marked contrast, consequently all the blame 
cannot in fairness be attributed to the very hot weather. 
Modern vineries being very lightly constructed, presenting a 
greater surface of glass, and therefore a proportionate increase 
in the heat conducted, undoubtedly require a light shading, 
and nothing is better than limewash put on lightly with a 
syringe. Unless this is done the intense heat causes a too 
rapid evaporation, which has the effect of deranging the 
healthy action of the function of the leaves. Where the root- 
action is good, and is stimulated with plenty of moisture and 
the usual mineral elements, the effect, extreme evaporation, is 
almost imperceptible ; where, however, the opposite is the case 
the effect is soon perceptible both on the foliage and fruit. 
The check given to the growth is soon followed by an attack 
of red spider, which no amount of humidity will prevent, the 
two evils making an imperfectly coloured crop almost a 
certainty. 
A defect in the colour of Grapes is often caused by the 
excessive use of fire heat without giving the necessary amount 
of moisture and fresh air so requisite to vegetation generally, 
and growing Vines in particular. Why insist upon the house 
being kept to a certain temperature without any regard being 
paid to the external atmosphere? Overheating pipes is in 
effect as injurious as excessive sun heat, and perhaps more so, 
as the latter causes a liberal supply of fresh air to be given, 
which is seldom the case with the former. <A hot dry atmo- 
sphere undoubtedly contributes to an earlier formation of 
saccharine matter in Grapes, in my opinion, however, at the 
expense of colour. ‘A KITCHEN GARDENER’S”’ second crop 
will, I think, help to corroborate this theory, as no doubt he 
will find them, if not sour, far from being sweet. The Vines 
being ripening receive the full amount of air both night and 
day, and the house naturally is not so hot and dry as when the 
full crop was hanging. 
My theory, therefore, is that Grapes should be allowed 
plenty of time to ripen, admitting air at all times in quanti- 
ties more or less according to the external temperature. The 
front lights often are kept hermetically closed, instead of 
which during mild nights they should be open as well as the 
top. The latter during the earlier stages of the Vine’s growth 
should as much as possible be kept slightly open during the 
night, as at this time the action of the plant although changed 
is still going on. An artificial and unwholesome air is very 
injurious to the Vines, hence the necessity of admitting fresh air 
freely yet judiciously. The foliage of Vines grown under this 
treatment is very robust, and much better able to withstand 
aa evils that may threaten it, to the great advantage of the 
Tuit. 
The accompanying bunch was cut from a Vine carrying a 
This house is very lightly constructed of iron, and is quite the 
reverse of being well adapted either for plant or fruit culture. 
No fire heat has been applied at any stage of the Vine’s 
growth, and the house has been full of plants throughout. 
For the benefit of both the plants and Vines the house was 
usually closed early during May and June, but a little air was 
always left on at night. During the extremely hot weather 
experienced during July the house was usually left wide open 
both at top, bottom, and doors. The fruit was coloured early 
in August, but the Grapes are only now becoming sweet, 
simply because August was a very dull month, and no fire 
heat was applied, which would have been had the fruit been 
of primary importance.—W. IGGULDEN, On sett Hall. 
{The bunch is good ; berries large, regular in size, and well 
coloured, but not quite of the first quality.—EDs. ] 
THE ROSE ELECTION.—No. 6. 
In forwarding to you the last of the election lists of the 
seventy-two varieties I would draw the attention of the 
readers of “ our Journal” to the eftect of removing the fourth- 
class votes in this election of seventy-two varieties. How 
materially it alters the position of several of the Roses! Of 
the twenty Roses that received fourteen votes half only would 
retain their position as obtaining the highest possible score ; 
amongst these Duchesse de Vallombrosa is to be found. The 
remaining ten which would lose position include Maréchal Niel, 
Etienne Levet, Horace Vernet, and the Eugénie Verdier set; 
Dr. Andry, Duke of Edinburgh, and Madame Victor Verdiyr 
losing one vote each ; the Ferdinand de Lesseps set and Séna- 
teur Vaisse losing two, and Xavier Olibo three votes. Some of 
those that score thirteen votes are sadly cropped by this, 
notably Star of Waltham and Madame Lacharme, the former 
losing four and the latter no less than seven votes. Lower 
down in the list the changes by such action would be disas- 
trous to the position of many Roses, which would be driven 
altogether out of the list. notably dear old Général Jaequemi- 
not and Victor Verdier, whilst a few would rise materially— 
to wit, Marguerite de St. Amand, Camille Bernardin, and 
Capitaine Christy. 
In the following returns of seventy-two varieties the Roses 
are placed as the first best twelve, second best twelve, next 
best twenty-four, and second best twenty-four exhibition 
varieties. 
Mr. Cranston, King’s Acre, Hereford. 
1. Marie Baumann 7. Etienne Levet 
2. Alfred Colomb 8. Marquise de Castellane 
3. Charles Lefebvre 9. Louis Van Houtte 
4. La France 10. Marguerite de St. Amand 
5. Baronne de Rothschild 11. Sénateur Vaisse 
6. Exposition de Brie 12. Maréchal Niel 
13. Abel Carriére 19. Reynolds Hole 
14. Comtesse de Serenye 20. Xavier Olibo 
15. Comtesse d’Oxford 21. Catherine Mermet: 
16. Devienne Lamy 22. Devyoniensis 
17. Dr. Andry 23. Niphetos 
18. Monsieur E. Y. Teas 24, Souvenir d’un Ami 
25, Alice Dureau 37. Lord Macaulay 
26. Beauty of Waltham 38. Madame Furtado 
27. Capitaine Christy 39. Madame Lacharme 
28. Duke of Edinburgh 40. Mdlle. Eugénie Verdier 
29. Duchesse de Vallombrosa 41. Mdlle. Marie Rady 
30. Dupuy Jamain 42. Francois Michelon 
31. Edouard Morren 43. Monsieur Noman 
32. Elie Morel 44, Prince Camille de Rohan 
33. Fisher Holmes 45, Sir Garnet Wolseley 
34, Général Jacqueminot 46. Belle Lyonnaise 
35. Horace Vernet 47. Marie Van Houtte 
36. Duchesse de Morny 48. Souvenir d’Elise 
49. Annie Wood 61. Monsieur Boncenne 
50. Duchesse de Caylus 62. Peach Blossom 
51. Hippolyte Jamain 63. Princess Beatrice 
52. Jean Liabaud 64, Princess Mary of Cambridge 
53. John Hopper 65. Royal Standard 
54, Jules Margottin 66. Star of Waltham 
55. Leopold I. 67.. Alba Rosea 
56. Madame C. Crapelet 68. Comtesse de Nadaillae 
57. Madame Charles Wood 69. Jean Ducher 
58. Madame Thérése Levet 70. Madame Margottin 
59. Madame Victor Verdier 71. Madame Sertot 
. Pierre Notting 
. Madame Willermoz 
Rey. C. P. PEACH, Appleton-le-Street. 
1. Marie Baumann 7. Marquise de Castellane 
2. Alfred Colomb 8. Etienne Levet 
3. Malle. Marie Rady 9. Baronne de Rothschild 
4. Charles Lefebyre 10. John Hopper 
5. Maréchal Niel 11. Dr. Andry 
6. La France 12. Emilie Hausburg 
