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JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ November 7, 1878. 
1, H. W. Bruno. 2, Cole & Bown. 3,J. Tanner,jun. Any other variety, H. 
0. Crane. 2,J.Mallett. 3,Miss E.Beldon. DRAGOONS.—Slue—Cocks.—1, Cup, 
and 8, R. Woods. 2, R. & 8. Leach. AHens.—l and 2, R. Woods. 3,7. C. Bur- 
nell. Young—1 and Cup, J. Lush,jun. 2, R. Woods. 38, C. E. Chavasse. vie, 
R. Woods, I. Charnley, H.O.Crane. Local.—Prize, H. Crane. Silver.—Cocks.— 
1, W. G. Flana 2, Hon. W. Sugden. 3 and vhe, R. Woods. Hens.—l, R. 
Woods. 2,J. Chandler. 8, W. Osmond. Young.—l, 2, and vhe, R. Woods. 3, 
W. Bishop. Red or Yellow.—Cocks.—1, R. Woods. 2, A. Leith. 3, W. J.Stapley. 
Hens.—1, Cup, and 2, R. Woods. 3, W.J.Stapley. Young.—land vie, A. Leith. 
2,R. Woods. 3,J. Tanner, jun. White.—Cocks.—1, J. Caleutt. 2,G. Parkham. 
3, R. Woods. whe, W. Bishop. Hens.—l, C. A. Pearson. 2, W. Bishop. 38, W. 
Boxall. Zocal.—C. F. Herrieff. Young.—i, C. E. Chavasse. 2, J. Culcutt. 3, 
W. LP. Keall. vie, R. Woods. Any other variety —Cocks.—1 and 2,R. Woods. 3, 
T. C. Burnell. vie, E. F., Woodman. //ens.—1, 2, and 3, R. Woods. Young.—l, 
2, and 3, R. Woods. ANTWERPS.—Short-faced.—Cocks.—1 and Cup, J. Ken- 
drick, jun. 2and3,J. J. Bradley. vic, B. Rawnsley, W. B. Mapplebeck, jun. 
Hens —1, F. Winser. 2, J.J. Bradley. 3,H. Yardley. Young.—Cup, W. Slater. 
2,H. Yardley. 3,J. Mantel. vke, C.F. Herrieff. Not Shori-faced.—1 and 3, C. 
¥. Herrieff. 2, B. Rawnsley. Local.—Prize, C. F. Herrieft. Blue or Black- 
chequered Homing.—Cocks.—1, B. Brown. 2, Cotton & Barker. 3, J.S. Pratt. 
Hens.—, C. Herrieff. 2 and vie, J. Hill. 3, W.E. Butler. Any other variety.— 
Cocks.—1, W. Cleave. 2, C. Hopwood. 3, Dr. E. Hicks. Hens.—l, F. W. Ben- 
ham. 2,L.R. Williams. 3, W. Cleave. RUNTS.—1 and 2, H. Stephens. 3, H. 
Yardley. OWLS.—Blue or Powdered Blue—Cocks.—Cuy, I, 2, and vie, S. Salter. 
3, J. Barnes. Zocal.—t, 8. Salter. Hens —land 3,8. Salter. 2,J. Barnes. Any 
other variety —Cocks.—1 and 3,8. Salter. 2,J.Barnes. vic, J. W. Stansfield (2). 
Hens —1, J. W. Stansfield. 2,8. Salter. 3,J. Barnes. Young.—Cup, 1,2, and 3, 
8. Salter. Foreign, Dr. J. Bowes. 2,J. Baker. 3,8. Salter. vic, M. Leno, 
jun. TURBITS.—8lue or Silver.—Cocks.—1 and 2,G. Webster. 3, C. Skinner. 
Hens.—1 and Cup, T. C. Burnell. 2, G. Webster. 8, 8. Salter. vhe, J. Baker. 
Any other variety —Cocks.—1 and Cup, J.Baker. 2 and vie, T.C. Burnell. 3,8. 
Salter, Hens.—1, S. Salter. 2, O. E. Cresswell. 3, R. Woods. Zocal.—l, S. 
Salter. Young.—1, R. Parkin. 2, 0. E. Cresswell. 2, J. Baker. vhe, S. Salter. 
FANTAILS.— White—1 and Cup, 0. E. Cresswell. 2, J. Waters. 8, J. F. Lover- 
sidge. Any other variety—l, W. J. Warhurst. 2and 3, H. Yardley. NUNS.—1, 
A. Duthie. 2, Miss E. Beldon. 3, R. Woods. SWALLOWS.—1 and 2, F. P. 
Bulley. 3, T. W 1 
Woods. 
3, J. 
b Hens.—l, 8. 
r. 2, J. Baker. Any other variely—i, R. Fulton. 
. 3, C. Hopwood. MAGPIES.—Black.—1 and Cup, F. P. Bulley. 
. 3,H. Williams ZLocal—l,F.P.Bulley. Red.—1,J.A. Winslow. 
- Bulley. Any other variely—1 and 3,8. Salter. 2, F. P. Bulley. 
1, R. Fulton. 2, R. Gough. 3, J. A. Winslow. FLYING 
x 2,E.Newman. 3,Cole & Brown. vie, J. Shillingford. 
Carriers, Pouters, or Short-faced Tumblers.—1, C. J. 
Patt. 2, C.F. Herrieff. 3, R.A. Pratt. vhc,H.O.Crane. <Any other variely.—, 
Ss. Salter, 2,R. Woods. 3, F.P. Bulley. Pairs—Price not to exceed £2.—1, C. 
E. Chavasse. 2, T.S. Kemp. 3, W.E. Hutt. Price not to exceed £5.—1, R. A. 
Pratt. 2,J. Baker. 3, J. Chandler. 
Mr. Hewitt and Mr. Teebay judged the poultry. 
PERTH PIGEON SHOW. 
THE first Show of the Perth Columbarian Society was held in 
the Drill Hall, a place well adapted for the purpose. The small 
prizes offered—vyiz., 10s. and 5s., in each class only succeeded in 
bringing together 132 entries. These amounts are rather too little 
to induce exhibitors from any distance. 
Pouters cocks a good class of fifteen in various colours. First a 
Red, not good in colour, but with a large, well-shaped, and finely 
carried crop; a very showy bird in the judging pen. Second a 
stylish Red, deficient in crop, or would have turned the tables on 
the winner ; third a good and well marked Blue ; commended a 
Black (Semple), good colour and fair marking, but small; highly 
commended Red (Robb), closely marked, but stylish ; Yellow 
(Webster), stylish, good colour, very deficient in feather. Pouter 
hens (eleven).—First good Blue, second and third fair Yellow, 
commended White. Carriers.—First a good style, and much 
superior to the rest. Barbs.—First and second fair Blacks, third a 
good Yellow, but red-eyed and washy in colour. Jacobins.— 
Winners all Reds, first and second being much ahead of the rest. 
Some good-looking ones were passed for being heayily plucked at 
the back of the head. Short-faced Tumblers.—A very good Agate 
first, an Almond second, and a fair Kite third, the rest very 
moderate. Common Tumblers.—First a Blue Bald, second a 
Black Bald, and third a Yellow Bald. The class as a whole 
lacked quality. J antails—First a really good, very small, and 
well-balanced bird with motion and style. Any other variety.— 
First a small well-gulleted African Owl hen of quality, second a 
good Black Swallow, and thirda nice Red Turbit. Selling Class 
contained nothing of much value. Blue Turbits were first, second 
Red; and Black Magpies third. 
PIGEONS.—POUTERS.—Cock.—l, H. Fairley. 2,P.Wood. 8, A. T. Anderson. 
Hen—1 and 2, A. T. Anderson. 38, A. Robb. CARRIERS.—Cock or Hen—l, J. 
Glenday. 2, Carr & M‘Lean. 3, J. Smart. BARBS.—Cock or Hen.—l, A. 
Stewart, jun. 2, G. Brothwick. 3, A. Smith. JACOBINS.—Cock on Hen—l, 
Carr & M‘Lean. 2, W. & R. Davidson. 3, T. Mwlions. TUMBLERS.—Shor‘- 
JSaced.—Cock or Hen.—1, 2,and 3,J.Glenday. Any other variely—l, H. White. 
2,H. Fairley. 3, Robertson & Walker. FANTAILS.—Cock or Hen.—l, A. Smith. 
2, Carr & M'Lean. 3, H. Semple. ANY OTHER VARIETY.—Cock ov Hen.—l, 
W. & R. Davidson. 2, J. Glenday. 3, A. I. Anderson, SELLING CLASS.— 
—Pairs—1,J.Smart. 2,J.Glenday. 3, Carr & M‘Lean, 
JUDGE.—Mz. J. C. Lyell. 
VARIETIES. 
WE are requested to state that a Committee Meeting of the 
Poultry Club will be held at the Crystal Palace Hotel on Monday, 
the 11th inst., at 5 p.m., and the general meeting of the Club in 
the Crystal Palace at 3 P.M. on Tuesday, the 12th inst. A notice 
of this will be sent to every member and associate member, which 
notice will serve as a ticket of admission to the general meeting. 
In the case of any member not receiving or losing this notice, his 
or her visiting card will suftice. 
WE much regret to learn that the transept of the Crystal 
Palace in which we have been used of late years to see the Pigeons 
shown to so much advantage is at present taken up with some 
circus, and that consequently the Pigeons will be relegated to less. 
favourable positions. 
— WE hear that several of the best known amateur Pigeon. 
fanciers have not this year entered at Birmingham, on account of 
the detriment their birds have suffered in past years from the 
suffocating atmosphere of the Pigeon gallery in Bingley Hall. 
WE have a report of a curious case tried in the Hull 
County Court. An exhibitor of a Pigeon in the selling class at 
the Cottingham Show sent a valuable bird, and, as is often the 
case, after winning with it claimed it himself. Another person 
also tried to claim it, and being informed that the exhibitor had 
already done so thereupon sued him. Judgment was given for 
the plaintiff on the ground that the bird was necessarily entered 
as for sale, which it could not be bond jfide if the exhibitor had 
power to buy it in himself. 
Av the Council Meeting of the Bath and West of Englang 
Society and Southern Counties Association, held on the 29th ult. 
at the Grand Hotel, Bristol, Mr. Clement Bush, as Chairman of 
the Finance Committee, incidentally remarked that he believed 
that the loss sustained by the Oxford Meeting would not exceed 
£900, so that if an outstanding amount of £800 was speedily paid 
it would be unnecessary to draw upon the funded capital of the 
Society. The date of the Society’s Meeting at Exeter was fixed 
for Whit week, commencing June 2nd, 1879. Colonel Luttrell, as 
Chairman of the Stock Prize Sheet Committee, brought up the list. 
of prizes for 1879, which was approved and ordered to be circu- 
lated. The list showed an addition of £61 to the prizes offered at 
Oxford, caused by increasing the value of the prizes for Channel 
Island cattle, and adding a new horse class by giving prizes of £10: 
and £5 for yearling cart fillies. In the poultry prize list, brought 
up by Mr. Edwards, the principal alteration since last year was. 
the addition of cups for the best birds in certain classes, and of 
another class for chickens hatched in 1879. Mr. Knollys, on: 
bringing up the implement regulations for approval, reported that 
owing to the difficulty of obtaining land sufficiently near the: 
show yard to be available for trial of steam ploughs, it had been: 
determined to abandon such trials at the Exeter Meeting. Under 
these circumstances greater space would be devoted to the trial of 
sheaf binders, corn drills, and manure distributors, improvements 
jn which it was highly desirable to encourage. The Devon 
County Agricultural Association were invited to join the Bath 
and West of England Society in the Exeter Meeting of 1879, but 
the Council were previously pledged to hold the 1879 Exhibition 
of the Devon Society at Devonport. 
Respecting the influence of machinery in agriculture, let 
us, says the American Cultivator, note two interests, wheat and 
cheese. Wheat is the great money crop of this country. Without 
the improved machinery now used in getting the 400,000,000 
bushels of wheat annually raised in this country it would be 
impossible to harvest it, and there would not be a bushel for 
export. Cheese also is one of our large exports at the present 
time, and it is made almost entirely in factories. About 1851 
the factory system of making cheese was first started. About 1855 
it grew to a substantial industry. Its great growth was about 
1865. In 1855 we exported 5,000,000 Ibs.; in 1877 we exported 
nearly 200,000,000 Ibs. It is hardly necessary to add that the 
growth and progress of the art applied to cheese-making has 
actually cheapened the product and enable us to export it in 
immense quantities. There is no doubt that the introduction of 
machinery into agriculture has cheapened the prices of products, 
and at the same time enabled us to compete succesfully with 
other nations. In fact, breadstuffs are almost an industrial pro- 
duct, because without the recent agricultural machinery we 
could not compete in the price of grain with that raised by 
European labour. 
THE STEWARTON SYSTEM. 
Mr. Epwarp THorP at page 306 tells us, “I have kept bees 
ona small scale for the last six years in skeps, and have derived 
much pleasure and some profit in so doing.” This every bee- 
keeper can well understand ; but the same gentleman, it woule 
appear, is deterred from deriving enhanced pleasure and more 
profit by advancing to the Stewarton system through fear of a 
supposed enhanced outlay for hives and time to manipulate, which 
last he cannot well afford from his everyday avocations. 
First as to cost. From Mr. Samuel Yates’s (of Manchester) 
catalogue before me I finda full-sized Pettigrew skep costs 6s. 6d. ; 
for a pair to hold a couple of prime swarms 13s. is incurred. A. 
recent correspondent, “J. R.,” tells us he procured 9-inch-deep 
body boxes from Stewarton at 5s. each, consequently he had his 
two prime swarms hiyed as one colony at an outlay of 10s., or at 
a saving of 3s. wood over straw, with the additional advantage 
that while the straw skep requires removal after a few seasons 
the wooden hive with ordinary care lasts a lifetime, and is conse- 
quently much the cheaper of the two. To obtain his income of 
