390 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
{ November 21, 1878. 
are covered, which will take two or three dippings at least. 
But to be thoroughly successful the fruit ought to be in the 
best possible condition, thoroughly sound, and only use one 
sort in a bottle ; for instance, if two or more sorts of Goose- 
berries-are used in one bottle they never keep satisfactorily.” 
GENOTHERA FRASERII. 
CENOTHERA F'RASERII is a showy erect-growing species, in 
favourable soils attaining a height of from 2 to 2} feet. The 
flower stems are branched and somewhat thickly covered with 
oval dark green leaves. The flowers, which are light yellow, 
are borne on leafy racemes, and appear in succession from the 
end of May to September. It is less of a night bloomer than 
Fig 59.—Cinothera Fraserii. 
many of the other species, and is well worth being included in 
collections of hardy herbaceous plants, It is also one of the 
hardiest, and will do well in any good garden soil, but prefers 
a mixture of sandy peat and loam. I have seen many years 
ago a variegated-leaved variety in cultivation, but it was in 
no sense more ornamental than the normal form, and now 
seems to be lost. A native of North America, propagated by 
seed and by careful division early in spring.—R. D. TAYLOR, 
THORN APPLE. 
THIs plant, Datura Stramonium, is not as much grown as it 
deserves to be. It is a very pretty plant for subtropical beds. 
Well cultivated it will rise from 2 to 3 feet high, and be the 
same in diameter. Its foliage is glossy green, and it produces 
pure white funnel-shaped flowers. Its seed pods are not much 
unlike the husk of the Horse Chestnut, but oval instead of 
round, and covered with sharper spines. The pods should be 
gathered when full grown, and the seed be preserved until the 
bed or border it is proposed to grow it in has received its 
spring dressing, When the plants have become 8 or 4 inches 
high single them. Toa mixed bed they are a great addition. 
I find the plants do much better if treated in that way than 
they do if transplanted. Besides being ornamental it is use- 
ful. The leaves gathered when full grown, dried, and mixed 
with an equal quantity of tobacco and smoked, give great relief 
to anyone suffering with asthma—S. Tayuor, Castlecroft, 
Wolverhampton. 
HOLEYN HALL, 
THE SEAT OF MAJOR WOODS. 
MANY gardens of moderate extent are, by the excellent 
manner in which they are kept and the good cultivation that 
is practised in them, equally worthy of note with gardens of 
greater magnitude. The grounds and gardens of Holeyn are 
noted for their attractive appearance ; and the admirable con- 
dition of trees, plants, and vegetables affords testimony of the 
ability of one of the most highly esteemed and best gardeners 
in the north of England, Mr. Cooke. For a long period prior 
to Major Woods becoming the owner of Holeyn Mr. Cooke 
was engaged there, and his services both as a landscape gar- 
dener and a cultivator were splendidly recognised by his late 
employer, who bestowed on his valued servant a life annuity 
of £100. With such tangible evidence of the gardener’s worth 
Major Woods retained his services, and has proved their value 
now during several years. : 
Holeyn Hall is pleasantly situated near Wylam, a few miles 
from Newcastle-on Tyne. It is on rising ground overlooking 
the valley of the Tyne, and commands a fine view of the bold 
and picturesque hills across that river. The mansion is shel- 
tered from the north by a skirt of trees, in which the Austrian. 
Pine predominates, and gives proof of its usefulness as an 
evergreen screen tree. South of this sheltering belt, and be- 
tween it and the pleasure ground proper, is a small pinetum, 
where specimen Conifers are tastefully disposed on grass. 
Handsome examples of Piceas nobilis and Pinsapo, Pinus 
Douglasii, Cupressus Lawsoniana, Wellingtonias, Deodars, 
&c., command attention, and in an open space amongst them 
the croquet ground is formed. Separating the pinetum from 
the pleasure ground is a belt of shrubs and some fine timber 
trees. Associated with the trees are evergreens and deciduous 
flowering shrubs, which grouped artistically form an admirable 
northern boundary to the dressed grounds and flower garden. 
These extend from the mansion westwards. Contiguous to the 
mansion is a terrace walk, from which broad flights of stone 
steps flanked with vases conduct to the lawns below. These 
are ample, and afford the necessary relief to the stonework on 
the one hand and the bold clumps of shrubs on the other. 
The flower garden is not a modern mass of colour that startles 
the visitor by its brilliancy; on the contrary the beauty is 
of a sober kind, and is not confined wholly to the summer 
season. The flower beds are large—sufficiently so to con- 
tain dwarf flowering shrubs and hardy plants, with here and 
there a specimen Holly and Thuja. Hardy Heaths and 
Alpine plants have a share in the decorations. Other beds 
during the summer contain an unique collection of succu- 
lents, such as Aloes, Echeverias, Sempervivums, Haworthias, 
Pachyphytons, Kleinias, and Rocheas—fine old plants that 
were grown and cherished at Holeyn before plants of this 
nature became fashionable in the London parks. Other beds 
contain flowers, mostly in mixture, some gay, others sweet, 
some ancient, others modern, but shrubs, Conifers, and hardy 
flowers preponderate, and especially noticeable are grand 
clumps of Pampas Grass. Some of the shrub groups are 
rendered additionally attractive by having bold examples of 
rockwork arranged on their margins, and on which American: 
and Alpine plants flourish, and to which Yuccas and dwarf 
Conifers afford agreeable variety. These well-covered rocks 
with Ivy-clad mounds are a prominent feature of the grounds, 
and have a pleasant satisfying appearance which only age 
combined with good keeping can impart. Shrub groups and 
belts, isolated specimens of evergreens and Conifers, with here 
and there a bed or fringe of flowers, are so disposed that some- 
thing of interest attracts at every turn, and the comparatively 
small grounds are made to appear large—at least, a consi- 
derable time may be spent in examining their diversified 
attractions. 
The pleasure grounds extend to the kitchen gardens, which 
slope towards the south. The garden wall next the pleasure 
grounds is rendered attractive by ornamental climbers—Ivies, 
Ampelopsis, Loniceras, Clematises, Azara microphylla, &e.— 
the border next the wall being planted with Roses, the oppo- 
