﻿336 
  Mr. 
  F. 
  Enock's 
  life-history 
  of 
  

  

  anchor-process, 
  or 
  breast-bone, 
  upon 
  the 
  second 
  segment 
  

   next 
  to 
  the 
  head, 
  on 
  the 
  under 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  is 
  

   also 
  plam 
  and 
  prominent. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  forked 
  appendage, 
  

   mistaken 
  by 
  Curtis 
  for 
  two 
  rudimentary 
  legs, 
  and 
  is 
  

   peculiar 
  to 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  Cecidomyice. 
  It 
  is 
  probably 
  

   used 
  to 
  assist 
  the 
  larva, 
  whose 
  mouth 
  is 
  soft, 
  in 
  pene- 
  

   trating 
  the 
  tissues 
  of 
  stems 
  of 
  corn-plants. 
  After 
  the 
  

   larva 
  has 
  been 
  hatched, 
  it 
  proceeds 
  from 
  its 
  birth-place 
  

   on 
  the 
  leaf 
  above 
  almost 
  invariably 
  to 
  the 
  second 
  joint 
  

   of 
  the 
  stem 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  blade 
  or 
  leaf, 
  and 
  fixes 
  

   itself 
  head 
  downwards, 
  with 
  its 
  head 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  soft 
  

   stem, 
  and 
  with 
  its 
  rudimentary 
  mouth, 
  and 
  its 
  andior- 
  

   process 
  (italics 
  are 
  mine), 
  as 
  is 
  supposed, 
  absorbs 
  the 
  

   juices 
  of 
  the 
  plant."* 
  

  

  To 
  most 
  of 
  those 
  who 
  have 
  read 
  the 
  two 
  pamphlets 
  

   from 
  which 
  I 
  quote 
  the 
  above, 
  these 
  statements 
  may 
  

   ajDpear 
  perfectly 
  correct 
  ; 
  but 
  anyone 
  who 
  will 
  take 
  the 
  

   trouble 
  to 
  carefully 
  examine 
  under 
  the 
  microscope 
  the 
  

   true 
  larva 
  (Plate 
  XVI., 
  figs. 
  2 
  & 
  3), 
  (by 
  this 
  I 
  mean 
  the 
  

   larva 
  in 
  its 
  first 
  oy 
  feeding 
  stage) 
  will 
  at 
  once 
  see 
  that 
  it 
  

   does 
  not 
  possess 
  any 
  anchor-process 
  at 
  all, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  

   until 
  the 
  final 
  larval 
  stage, 
  when 
  the 
  larva 
  is 
  securely 
  

   sealed 
  up 
  within 
  the 
  puparium 
  or 
  coarctate 
  larva, 
  or 
  

   second 
  larva 
  stage, 
  that 
  the 
  anchor-process 
  is 
  developed 
  

   and 
  utilised 
  in 
  the 
  most 
  wonderful 
  manner. 
  

  

  I 
  will 
  now 
  throw 
  upon 
  the 
  screen 
  a 
  photograph 
  of 
  a 
  

   feeding 
  larva, 
  showing 
  the 
  invaginated 
  head 
  (Plate 
  XVI., 
  

   fig. 
  3), 
  and 
  would 
  call 
  your 
  especial 
  attention 
  to 
  this 
  won- 
  

   derful 
  provision 
  of 
  Nature, 
  the 
  mouth 
  being 
  so 
  constructed 
  

   that 
  it 
  acts 
  like 
  a 
  sphal 
  spring 
  ; 
  and 
  whatever 
  the 
  pres- 
  

   sure 
  of 
  the 
  leaf-sheath 
  upon 
  the 
  dorsal 
  surface, 
  the 
  mouth 
  

   is 
  kept 
  just 
  up 
  to 
  its 
  work, 
  and 
  adapts 
  itself 
  to 
  the 
  varying 
  

   pressure— 
  another 
  example 
  of 
  the 
  skill 
  of 
  the 
  Great 
  

   Artificer, 
  which 
  cannot 
  fail 
  to 
  excite 
  our 
  admiration 
  and 
  

   wonder. 
  

  

  On 
  Aug. 
  15th 
  I 
  collected 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  coarctate 
  larvae, 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  some 
  larvae 
  still 
  feeding 
  in 
  the 
  aftergrowth, 
  or 
  

   any 
  green 
  plants 
  ; 
  these 
  I 
  carefully 
  examined, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  

   the 
  nineteen 
  found 
  at 
  one 
  joint, 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  

   deciding 
  to 
  my 
  own 
  satisfaction 
  which 
  way 
  the 
  larvie 
  

   rested 
  ; 
  for 
  all 
  writers 
  in 
  America 
  and 
  elsewhere 
  state 
  

   that 
  the 
  larva 
  rests 
  head 
  downwards, 
  and 
  3'et 
  not 
  one 
  of 
  

   the 
  number 
  has 
  ever 
  explained 
  how 
  the 
  fly 
  emerges. 
  

  

  '■• 
  See 
  'Whitehead's 
  Report,' 
  p. 
  1'2, 
  

  

  