﻿498 
  Mr. 
  S. 
  Alpheraky 
  on 
  some 
  cases 
  of 
  

  

  mention 
  Colias 
  Erate, 
  Esp., 
  and 
  its 
  orange 
  form, 
  

   Chrysodona, 
  B. 
  ; 
  Thais 
  Meclesicaste, 
  111., 
  and 
  its 
  form, 
  

   Honoratii, 
  B. 
  (so 
  scarce, 
  but 
  so 
  constant, 
  too) 
  ; 
  Chryso- 
  

   phanes 
  Pldceas, 
  L., 
  with 
  the 
  dark 
  form, 
  Eleus, 
  F., 
  and 
  

   the 
  whitish 
  ab. 
  Schmidtii, 
  Gerh. 
  In 
  these 
  cases 
  the 
  

   dimorphic 
  forms 
  fly, 
  in 
  some 
  localities, 
  side 
  by 
  side, 
  and 
  

   are 
  valuable 
  as 
  a 
  proof 
  that 
  dimor^Dhism 
  in 
  males 
  does 
  

   really 
  exist. 
  

  

  Such 
  forms 
  as 
  Chrysophanes 
  ab. 
  Schmidtii 
  and 
  Thais 
  

   ah. 
  Honoratii 
  are 
  generally 
  considered 
  as 
  mere 
  accidental 
  

   varieties 
  — 
  aberrations 
  of 
  the 
  typical 
  forms; 
  but, 
  though 
  

   scarce 
  by 
  themselves, 
  being 
  very 
  constant 
  in 
  their 
  dis- 
  

   tinctive 
  characters, 
  both 
  ab. 
  Schmidtii 
  and 
  ab. 
  Honoratii 
  

   must 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  true 
  dimorphic 
  forms, 
  the 
  more 
  so, 
  

   as 
  in 
  some 
  analogous 
  cases 
  rare 
  aberrations 
  in 
  one 
  

   locality 
  may 
  become 
  the 
  constant 
  form 
  in 
  others. 
  I 
  will 
  

   now 
  try 
  to 
  illustrate 
  this 
  by 
  the 
  following 
  facts. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1867, 
  when 
  I 
  was 
  living 
  near 
  the 
  

   Sea 
  of 
  Azov, 
  at 
  Taganrog, 
  a 
  friend 
  of 
  mine, 
  Mr. 
  William 
  

   Daish, 
  an 
  Englishman, 
  bred 
  from 
  numerous 
  caterpillars 
  

   of 
  Painlio 
  Machaon, 
  L., 
  an 
  unusual 
  and 
  remarkably 
  fine 
  

   female 
  imago, 
  with 
  an 
  abnormal 
  development 
  of 
  yellow 
  

   scales 
  on 
  the 
  wings 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  abdomen 
  (the 
  latter 
  being 
  

   entirely 
  yellow) 
  such 
  as 
  I 
  had 
  never 
  seen 
  in 
  any 
  other 
  

   individual 
  amidst 
  numerous 
  European 
  specimens. 
  This 
  

   female 
  was, 
  consequently, 
  a 
  very 
  remarkable 
  aberration 
  

   for 
  the 
  locality 
  where 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  bred. 
  Many 
  years 
  

   later, 
  exactly 
  similar 
  specimens 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  Turkistan, 
  

   near 
  Samarkand 
  and 
  Marghelan 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  form 
  has 
  been 
  

   described 
  as 
  var. 
  centralis 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Staudinger, 
  who 
  sees 
  

   it 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  of 
  the 
  butterfly 
  of 
  those 
  localities, 
  

   whereas 
  he 
  says 
  that 
  the 
  specimens 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  brood 
  

   there 
  do 
  not 
  differ 
  from 
  the 
  ordinary 
  European 
  form. 
  

  

  I 
  myself 
  have 
  I'ong 
  been 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Staudinger' 
  s 
  opinion 
  

   as 
  to 
  two 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  species 
  never 
  flying 
  side 
  by 
  

   side. 
  This 
  theory 
  of 
  my 
  much 
  esteemed 
  and 
  celebrated 
  

   friend 
  is, 
  after 
  all, 
  as 
  I 
  now 
  think, 
  only 
  so 
  far 
  correct, 
  

   that 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  generally 
  the 
  case 
  that 
  constant 
  varieties 
  do 
  

   fly 
  together 
  with 
  their 
  typical 
  forms, 
  and 
  also 
  as 
  long 
  

   as 
  the 
  variety 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  strictly 
  dimorphic 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  

   type.* 
  I 
  have 
  now 
  come 
  to 
  the 
  conviction 
  that 
  dimorphic 
  

  

  * 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  consider 
  slight 
  variations 
  of 
  colouring, 
  size, 
  form, 
  and 
  

   pattern 
  of 
  the 
  wings 
  as 
  cases 
  of 
  dimorphism. 
  

  

  