38 Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 



compressed, without pappus. — Distrib. About 8 species, tropics of 

 Asia, Africa, and Australia. 



SPH.aEEANTHUS AFEiCANUs, Linn. Sp. PI. 1314. Annual, glabrous or 

 pubescent, the stem and branches with long decurrent, entire wings. 

 Leaves membranous, oblanceolate, acute or sub-acute, with a small 

 bristle-point at the apex, the base narrowed and confluent with the- 

 wing of the branch, the edges bristle-serrate ; length 1 to 3 in. ; breadth 

 •25 to 1'25 in. Clusters of heads globose, -3 to 4 in. in diam., peduncu- 

 late, their involucres few, scarious, rounded or jagged, not imbricate ; 

 the peduncles '25 to '4: in. long, glabrous, with a wing widening at the 

 base. Female florets about 15, gibbous. Hook. fil. El. Br. Ind. III. 

 275 ; Prain Bengal Plants, 601. S. africanus and S. inicrocephalus , 

 Willd. Sp. PI. III. 2395. S. microcejjhahts, DC. Prod. V. 360 ; Clarke 

 Comp. Ind. 97. S. indicus, WiUd. I.e. 2394 ; Eoxb. Hort. Beng. 62, 

 Fl. Ind. III. 446. S. africanus, Wall. Cat. 3179 {in inirt). 



Malacca : Gi-iffith. Kedah : King's Collector 1701. Singapoee :. 

 Bidley 5069. Penang : Curtis 1942 ; Deschamios. Province Welles- 

 let : Bidley 7125. Peeak : Scortechini 1640. — Disteib. British 

 India, Malay Archipelago, China, Philippines, Australia, Africa. 



12. Emilia, Cass. 



Annual or perennial herbs, glabrous or hairy, often glaucous, some- 

 times sarmentose. Leaves alternate, radical, crowded, petiolate, entire,, 

 toothed or lyrate-pinnatifid ; cauline few, stem-clasping. Heads on 

 long peduncles, solitary or loosely corymbose, ebracteolate at the 

 base, homogamous, discoid, yellow or red ; florets all ^ , fertile,, 

 tubular, the limb elongate and 5-toothed. Livolucre cylindric; its 

 bracts in a single series, equal, free or cohering, striate ; receiAacle flat,. 

 naked. Style-arms sub-terete, their apices short and obtuse, or long 

 and acute. Cyioselas sub-terete, or 5-ribbed or -angled ; pappus hairs, 

 numerous, white, silky. — Disteib. Species 14 or 15; all Indo-Malayan 

 and tropical African. 



Emilia sonchifolia, DC. Prod. VI. 302. Annual, usually erect,, 

 sometimes diffuse and sarmentose, 12 to 30 in. high. Leaves : the 

 lower lyrate-pinnatifid or sinuate-dentate, rarely elliptic, glabrous or 

 puberulous, sometimes scaberulous, 1-5 to 4 in. long ; petioles variable 

 but rarely exceeding an inch in length ; cauline leaves much smaller,, 

 hastate or linear-hastate, dentate, sessile and auriculate, more or less 

 stem-clasping. Heads "4 in. long and the same in diam. when expanded,. 

 on long ebracteate or scantily bracteate peduncles, collected in lax 

 terminal long pedunculate spreading corymbs. Livolucre nearly as. 

 long as the purple florets, ecalyculate ; its bracts linear-oblong, sub- 



