352 Flora of tlie Malayan Peninsula. 



6. ToEENiA, Linn. 



Herbs, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves opposite, entire or crenate or 

 serrate. Flowers often showy, axillary, or in terminal or pseudo-axillary 

 racemes or umbels ; bracteoles 0. Calyx 2-lipped or 3-5-toothed, 

 3-5-keeled or -winged or -folded. Corolla 2-lipped ; upper lip outmost 

 erect, concave or pinched, notched or 2-fid ; lower larger spreading, 

 3-lobed; tube cylindric, somewhat curved, dilated upwards. Stamens 

 4, didynamous ; upper pair included inserted on corolla-tube ; lower 

 •inserted on throat, appendaged or not at base, and connivent under 

 upper lip ; anthers contiguous or connate in pairs, cells often confluent. 

 Ovary 2-celled ; ovules in each cell numerous ; style slender ; stigma 

 2-lamellate. Fruit a linear or oblong, included septicidal capsule ; 

 valves separating from the placentiferous septum. Seeds many, rugose 

 or cancellate. — Distrib. Species 20, Tropical Asiatic and African, one 

 American. 



Calyx very distinctly winged : — 

 Fruiting calyx sub-orbicular, as broad as long ; stems prostrate 

 and rooting .. .. .. .. .. , 1. T. polygonoides. 



Fruiting calyx longer than broad ; stems erect : — 



Wings broad distinctly decurrent on the pedicels ; corolla 

 very little exserted ; bracteoles very small ; pedicels shorter 

 than the calyx . . . . . . . . 2. T. peduncularis. 



"Wings narrow hardly decurrent on the pedicels; corolla 

 distinctly exserted ; bracteoles large ; pedicels as long as or 

 longer than the calyx . . . . . , . . 3. T. ciliata. 



Calyx hardly or not at all winged : — 

 Flowers aU axiUary : — 



Stems and leaves glabrous ; calyx deeply lobed, faintly 



winged . . . . . . . . . . 4. T. asiatica. 



Stems and leaves hirsute ; calyx wingless, shortly lobed . . 5. T. Benthamiana. 

 Flowers in terminal racemes ; stems and leaves hirsute ; calyx 

 wingless, shortly lobed . . . . . . . . 6. T. fiava. 



1. ToEENiA POLYGONOiDBS, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 39. A slender strag- 

 gling herb ; branches 6 to 12 in. long, decumbent and often rooting at 

 the nodes ; all parts glabrous. Leaves orbicular-ovate, serrate ; lamina 

 •4 to -5 in. long, -35 to -45 in. wide, apex acute or sub-acute, base 

 cuneate ; petiole slender, -25 in. long. Floivers axillary on 2-4-flowered 

 peduncles ; pedicels -25 in. long, slender ; bracteoles minute. Calyx 

 tubular with very wide wings, in fruit sub-orbicular '3 in. in diam. 

 Corolla -35 in. long, white or white and pink, distinctly exserted. 

 DC. Prod. X. 409 ; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. II. 688 ; Hook. f. Flor. Brit. 

 Ind. IV. 276. T. cardiosepala, Benth. in DC. Prod. X. 409. Herpestis 

 polygonoides, Benth. in Wall. Cat. 3897. 



