Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 533 



Umbels usually 3- to 5-flowered ; peduncles -75 in. long ; bracts minute, 

 subulate ; pedicels filiform, -5 to -75 in. long ; buds conical ; flower 

 yellow. Calyx cleft to the base ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, "lin. long. 

 C'oro/Za-tube very short ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, '2 in. long. Corona- 

 processes acuminate, erect, longer than the column. Style-apex hemi- 

 spheric at tip. Follicles lanceolate, long-acuminate, 2-5 in. long, -25 in. 

 broad ; testa thin, smooth. Seeds flattened, nearly orbicular, -175 in. 

 long, -1 in. broad, broadly winged ; testa brown, thin, slightly granular ; 

 embryo very small, -03 in. long in all. 



Selangor : at Kwala Selangor, in mangrove swamps, Bidley 7564. — 

 DiSTRiB. Philippine Islands, in Central Luzon {Loher 4039, 4040). 



17. Cynanchum, Linn. 



Herbs or shrubs, erect or twining. Leaves opposite. Flotvers 

 small, in sessile or pedunculate corymbose or umbellate cymes or 

 racemes, subaxillary or lateral between the bases of the petioles. Calyx 

 5-partite, with 5 to 10 glandular scales within or eglandular. Corolla 

 deeply 5-fid, rotate or campanulate; lobes slightly overlapping to the 

 right in bud, more or less twisted. Corona arising from the staminal- 

 column at or near the base, often membranous, annular, cupular or 

 tubular, toothed or lobed at the top or divided more or less deeply into 

 5 entire or toothed processes. Staminal-column arising at or near the 

 base of the corolla ; filament part varying from none to rather long and 

 slender ; anthers hardened ; appendages membranous, erect or inflexed 

 over the style-apex ; pollen-masses 1 in each cell, oblong, not com- 

 pressed, pendulous, attached by a caudicle to the rather large horny 

 pollen-carriers. Ovary of 2 carpels ; styles free below ; style-apex 

 5-lobed, truncate, conical or rostrate. Fruit of 2 smooth follicular 

 mericarps, winged or entire, sometimes with tubercular processes. 

 Seeds plano-convex, tipped with a silky coma. — ^Distrib. Cosmopolitan, 

 species about 100. 



Leaves ovate or oblong, not cordate at base ; peduncles short ; 



follicles smooth . . . . . . . . . . 1. C ovalifolium. 



Leaves ovate, deeply cordate at base ; peduncles long ; follicles 



with soft hooked spines . . . . . . . . 2. C. corymbosiiiu . 



1. Cynanchum ovalifolium, Wight Contrib. 57 (1834). A nearly 

 glabrous, small twining shrub ; branchlets very slender, terete, pale 

 brown. Leaves membranous ; ovate or oblong, acuminate at apex, 

 rounded or subacute at base, often furnished with one or two small 

 axillary, unequal-sided leaflets at the base of the petiole ; both surfaces 

 glabrous, lower pale ; margins slightly recurved ; 3 to 4-5 in. long, 1-25 



