660 Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 



subpinnatifid, spinous, nearly sessile. Spikes 6 by 1-5 in. ; bracts "3 in. 

 long, ovate ; prophylla -25 in. long, triangular-lanceolate. Calyx- 

 segments; 2 outer subsimilar, -5 to -7 by -3 in., round-ovate; 2 inner 

 (alternate with the outer) shorter, much narrower. Corolla 1-25 in. 

 long or more, blue. Capsule 1 by -5 in. ; seeds large, with close brain- 

 like convolutions. Benth. Fl. Austral. IV. 548 (partly) ; C. B. Clarke 

 in Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 481 {tvith syn.) ; Lindau in Engl. & 

 Prantl Pflanzenfam. IV. 3 b, 319 ; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 

 242 (1890) ; Prain Beng. Plants 800. 



Penang : Deschamps, King. Malacca : Griffith. Singapoeb : 

 Bidley 8097. Peeak : Wray 2494, 2499 ; Scortechini. — Distrib. In 

 saline mud, from Africa to Polynesia. 



Vab. P integrifolia, T. Anders. Axillary peduncles numerous, 

 running into large terminal panicles ; leaves elongate, lanceolate, entire 

 or nearly so. — Distrib. Andamans. 



2. Acanthus ebbacteatus, Vahl Enum. II. 75, t. 40 (1791). 

 Bracts caducous ; prophylla 0. Calyx S in. long. Corolla -75 in. long, 

 white ; otherwise as A. ilicifolius, Linn. C B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. 

 Br. Ind. IV. 481; Lindau in Engl. & Prantl Pflanzenfam. IV. 3 b, 

 319 ; Eidley in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, III. 332 (1893), and in Journ. 

 As. Soc. Straits 121 (Singapore 1900). 



Malacca: Griffith, Maingay 3084. Pahang: Bidley 1276. — 

 Distrib. Salt marshes, from the Andamans to Cochin-China and Java. 



Bentham doubts whether this species is distinct from A . ilicifolius, Linn. Kidley 

 n. 1276 is a typical example of A. ebracteatus, with flowers very much smaller 

 than those of A. ilicifolius. 



3. Acanthus volubilis. Wall. PL As. Ear. II. 56 t. 172 (1831). 

 Twining, unarmed. Leaves oblong or elliptic, entire, glabrous. Spikes 

 linear-oblong ; prophylla 0. Corolla white, 1 in. long. Kurz For. Fl. 

 11. 242 ; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. IV. 481 ; Eidley in 

 Journ. As. Soc. Straits 121 (Singapore 1900). Dilivaria volubilis, Nees 

 in Wall. PL As. Ear. III. 98. D. scandens, Nees in DC. Prodr. 

 XI. 269. 



Penang : Curtis 510. Singapore : fide Bidley. — Distrib. Coast 

 of India, Siam, Malaya, Australia. 



The dried tips of the branches are difficult to separate from those of 

 A. ebracteatus ; the leaves are usually entire or slightly prickly ; the flowers larger. 



15. Gymnostachyum, Nees. 

 Herbs or undershrubs, sparingly pubescent. Leaves lanceolate to 

 obovate, entire or crenulate, petioled. Panicle (in the Malay Peninsula 



