456 Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 
2 cm. in diam., rhachis of spike scarcely thickened; cupule densely 
covered with tufts of branching staghorn-like very sharp spines up 
to 12 mm. long, the spines covered with long shaggy ferruginous 
hairs. 
PERAK: (without locality or number) Scortechini !. 
3. CASTANOPSIS FULVA, Gamble in Kew Bull. 179 (1914). A tree 
reaching 18—24 m. in height and 45—60 cm. in diam. of stem, 
branches spreading ; branchlets stout, dark purplish brown, covered, 
especially when young, with dense fulvous tomentum, hardly lenti- 
cellate; buds ovoid, the scales ovate, acuminate, tomentose. 
Leaves coriaceous; elliptic or sometimes elliptic-oblong, shortly and 
abruptly acuminate at apex, acute or somewhat rounded at base; 
upper surface bright green when fresh, bright brown shining and 
glabrous when dry, lower ‘speckled brown and grey’ when fresh, 
strigosely furfuraceous-villous and fulvous. when dry; margin 
thickened, recurved ; 8-16 cm. long, 3—7 cm. broad ; midrib stout, 
impressed above, fulvous-tomentose when dry; main nerves 12—16 
pairs, parallel, starting nearly at right angles with the midrib and 
slightly curving to the margin and there breaking up into diminish- 
ing loops; transverse nervules not prominent, rather irregular ; 
petiole 12—20 mm. long, fulvous-tomentose. Spikes: ¢ not known : 
2 up to 18 cm. long, the rhachis grey-tomentose ; bracts lanceolate. 
Flowers: 9° 1—4 but usually in threes, surrounded by an involucre 
of many grey-tomentose ovate-lanceolate imbricate scales ; perianth 
densely grey-tomentose; styles short spreading. Fruits globose, 
2—2°5 cm. in diam. in spikes up to about 20 cm. long ; cupule thin, 
more or less densely covered with fascicles of curved or staghorn- 
shaped sharp spines which are flattened and grooved and tawny- 
villous except the points and about 5 mm. long, the fascicles usually 
on stout stalks; nuts 1—4, usually 3, separating from the cupule, 
the pericarp sericeous-villous; umbo rather large. } 
PERAK : in dense forest on low hills at 90—150 m. alt., Batang 
Padang, Kiny’s Collector 7751!. Smuaneor: at Sungei Buloh, Vern. 
‘Kertak Tanga’ Mohammed Hashim for A. M. Burn-Murdoch 38!. 
Sir George King identified the Perak specimens with C. Hystrix, but with 
some doubt. The same doubt is also expressed by a? in the Fl. Br. Ind. I 
cannot think that they can be anything but quite distinct from any form of 
C. Hystrix and have no hesitation in describing the new species. ‘ 
4. CasTanopsis costata, A. DC. Prodr. XVI. ii. 110 (1864). 
