Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 457 
A fine tree reaching 12—15 m. in height and 60—70 cm. in diam. of 
stem, branches spreading; branchlets stout, glabrous when old, 
minutely tawny-pubescent when young; bark greyish-brown to 
nearly black, prominently studded with large pale lenticels; buds 
slobose, 5mm. in diam., the scales ovate, obtuse, grey-tomentose. 
Leaves chartaceous or subcoriaceous; elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 
shortly and often abruptly acuminate at apex, acute or rounded at 
base ; upper surface bright green when fresh, olive-green when dry, 
glabrous above except the midrib, lower reddish-brown when fresh, 
also when dry, covered with minute fulvous scales and stellate 
pubescence ; margin slightly recurved; 8—16 cm. long, 3°5—7 cm. 
broad ; midrib moderately stout, raised and dark-tomentose on the 
upper, raised on the lower surface ; main nerves i12—16 pairs, sub- 
parallel, impressed above, slightly curved at first, more abruptly so 
near the margin; transverse nervules many, obscure; reticulation 
scarcely visible; petiole 10—15 mm long, thickened at base. 
Spikes slender, 10 —20 cm. long, the 2 usually above the ¢ below, 
in loose terminal or axillary tawny-pubescent panicles: bracteoles 
ovate-acuminate, about 2 mm. long. Flowers: ¢ solitary or in 
rather distant clusters on the rhachis; perianth tawny villous, cut 
nearly to the base, the lobes acute ; stamens with slender filaments ; 
pistiilode densely villous: 9 usually in threes surrounded by an 
involucre of soft scales; perianth asin 3 : staminodes like minute 
stamens, usually 12; styles 3, short, spreading. Fruit globose, 
slightly depressed, 2—3 cm. in diam., in dense spicate clusters up to 
about 10 cm. long; cupules thin, covered, in more or less concentric 
rings, with fascicles of straight or curved sharp grooved, often 
flattened spines which are hardly subdivided and not on stalks, and 
about 6—10 mm. long; nut usually solitary, the pericarp densely 
fulvous-sericeous ; umbo prominent. Mig. Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 
120; Scheff. Obs. Phyt. II. 50 (var. bancana). C. trisperma, Scheff. 
l.c. Castanea costata, Blume Mus. Bot, Lugd.-Bat. I. 284; Miq. Fl. 
Ind. Bat. I. i. 866. 
PERAK : at elevations up to 1500 m. alt., King’s Collector 2909!, 
3651!, 6975!; at Thaipeng, Vern. ‘ Buah Brangan’, Wray (fruits 
edible) ; Scortechina!.—DistRis. Java, Sumatra, Bangka. 
Sir G. King in his Monograph, and {in the Flora of British India and 
Koorders. Exkurs. Fl. Jav. all put this under C. javanica, but in my opinion 
the fruit of the two species is so distinct that they must be kept separate. 
5. CASTANOPSIS CATAPPAEFOLIA, King in Hook. f, Fl. Br. Ind, 
