460 Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 
bordered above by the decurrent margins of the blade. Spikes 
rather slender, up to 15 cm. long, in axillary or terminal many- 
branched fulvous-tomentose panicles, ¢ many, 2 fewer, usually 
from axillary branches, some androgynous. Flowers: ¢ in round 
or elongated clusters of up to 5; bracteole ovate acuminate, 1:5 
mm. long; perianth-lobes 6, nearly free, irregular but usually ovate 
acute, villous, scarcely 1 mm. long; stamens 12 with long usually 
twisted filaments and very small globose anthers; pistillode thick, 
villous: 2 in groups of 3 with one outer bracteole as in ¢ and 
many smaller in a cup; perianth-lobes asin ¢ but smaller; styles 
3, short, conical. Fruits sessile when ripe, very shortly thickly 
pedicelled when young, in dense woody spikes up to 15 em. long, 
the rhachis very stout, 1 cm. in diam.; cupules when young 
depressed-globose with 3—4 vertical channels and between them 
studded with groups of short pyramidal sharp tubercles; when 
mature depressed-obovoid, minutely fulvous-tomentose, usually 
constricted by shallow channels, 3 cm. high, 4—4°5 em. long, 3—3°5 
em. thick, the umbo prominent ; between the channels about 4—6 
curved more or less horizontal but oblique raised ridges studded 
with many sharp pyramidal tubercles 3—3°5 mm. high ; dehiscing 
to near the base in 3—4 unequal valves; nuts 2—4, hemispheric- 
complanate, nearly 2 cm. high, the upper part chestnut-brown, 
shining, sparsely covered with retrorse fulvous hairs, the base rugose, 
dull, glabrous. King in Ann. Cale. II. 104, t. 98. 
PENANG : in forest up to 600 m. alt., King’s Collector (Kunstler) 
1672!, 2266!, 4844!, 4999!, 5261!; on Government Hill, 300 m. 
alt., Curtis 419!; Ridley!. Perak: in open forest up to 300 m. 
alt., King’s Collector 5261!, 7753!; Scortechini!. Matacca: Main- 
gay K.D. 1459!, 1462!, 1463!; at Merliman and Sungei Hudang, 
Derry 466!; at Bukit Bruang, Goodenough 1344!. SINGAPORE: 
Hullett 78!; T. Anderson 191!; Kurz!; King’s Collector 238!, 
1216!; Cantley 49!; Ridley in various places, 3392!, 3861 !, 4682!, 
5199!, 14143!. Vern. ‘ Berangan Papan’ (Ridley). 
8, CASTANOPSIS SUMATRANA, A. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. for 
1863, 182. A large tree reaching 24—30 m. in height and 60—90 
cm. in diam. of stem, branches spreading ; branchlets stout, dark 
brown with many prominent pale lenticels, the ultimate ones glab- 
rous or scantily and deciduously puberulous ; leafbuds lanceolate, 
perulate, the scales lanceolate, spreading. Leaves chartaceous or 
thinly coriaceous, very variable in size ; oblong-lanceolate or -oblan- 
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