Reviews and Book Notices. 441 



The distinctive purity of the Aino and Japanese has often 

 been remarked upon as peculiar, in view of the well known 

 inter-marriages occurring all along the lines of contact. 

 This is explained upon the ground that the offspring of the 

 second generation, not only become few in number, but that 

 they are barren or so poorly developed as to terminate the 

 cross — an explanation which appears to meet the case very 

 satisfactorily. Pure races thus continue dominant, while 

 the weaker is continually being thrust more and more to- 

 ward the extreme limits of existence. 



The author concludes his memoir with an extended bibli- 

 ography, embracing 465 titles. These are chiefly derived 

 from native authors, and in several instances include writ- 

 ings by foreigners. 



Vegetable Morphology. — The Clarendon Press have 

 recently issued a translation of G-oebel's " Outlines of Clas- 

 sification and Special Morphology," by H. E. F. Garnsey. 

 This is one of the most welcome of recent botanical works, 

 and gives the student the results of the most recent 

 researches. The style is admirable — the expressions are 

 direct and clear. A particularly commendable feature is 

 the effort to reduce our discouragingly confused termin- 

 ology to something like uniformity. The result is not as 

 complete as might be desired, — nor is that altogether pos- 

 sible at present — but a vast improvement has been made ; 

 homologous structures being designated by the same term 

 throughout. The antiquated distinction of Cryptogam 

 and Phsenogam. is here done away with, and the intimate 

 relations between the Vascular Cryptogams and the 

 Gymnosperms is more clearly developed. The division of 

 all plants into — I. Thallophytes ; II. Bryophytes ; III. 

 Pteridophytes ; IV. Spermaphytes, is one which commends 

 itself strongly to the modern botanist. The Myxomycetes 

 and Diatomaceoe are very properly placed in separate 

 groups of uncertain affinity ; while the old groups, Algse 

 and Fungi, are here restored. The book should be in 

 possession of every student of botany. 



Frost Eeport, — Volume VII. of the Journal of the Royal 

 29 



