﻿54 MADEEPOKAEIA. 



This last specimen (/) ought perhaps to be classed separately. In ccenenchjnnatous 

 specialisation, and in the formation of the calicles it has all the characters of this type, but it 

 has apparently been distorted by worm-tubes and now consists of an irregular tuft of rounded 

 masses mixed with finger-shaped processes. The tips of the processes are an open reticiilum 

 in which worm-tubes may appear. 



g. N. W. AustraUa. Admiralty. 92. 1. 16. 44. 



This is a small fragment which has the same coenenchymatous specialisation and 

 formation of calicles, but is altogether on a smaller scale. 



39. Montipora foveolata. (PI. VI. fig. 1 ; PI. XXXII. fig. 12.) 



Montipora ven-^icosa, Quoy and Gaimard {n<m Lamarck), Voy. de rAstrolabe, Zool., iv. (1834) p. 247, 



pl. XX. fig. 11. 

 Manopora foveolata, Dana, Zoophytes (1848) p. 507. 

 Manopom inerassata, Dana, op. cit., p. 503, pl. xlvii. fig. 1. 



Montipm-a quoyi, Milne-Edwards and Haime, Les Poritides, Ann. des Sci. Nat., xvi. (1851) p. 55. 

 Blontipora foveolata, Milne-Edwards and Haime, torn, cit., p. 66. 

 Montipora foveolata, Quelch, Chal. Rep., Eeef Corals (1886) p. 176. 



Description. — Corallum encrusting, massive, nodulated, with expanding edges, which are 

 round and thick, either creeping over the substratum or free, and even rising above the 

 substratum, supported by a well developed epitheca. 



Calicles often very large (1 ■ 5 mm.), symmetrical, conspicuous when the corallum is viewed 

 from above, crowded, on an average about the diameter of a calicle apart. Two cycles of thick 

 septa, which are very short and nearly equal round the aperture, but, deeper down in the 

 ea\ities, the primaries project well beyond the secondaries. The septa are continuous, toothed 

 ridges strongly suggestive of laminas ; one (sometimes two) of the primaries conspicuously thicker 

 and more prominent than the rest. The proper margins of the calicles hardly visible, their 

 walls being often continuous with the interstitial elevations of the ccenenchyma. Each calicle 

 is thus at the bottom of a well from 2 to 3 mm. deep. Young calicles may appear on the 

 meeting points of the interstitial ridges. In this case, they are above the general level of the 

 coral. On the smooth under surfaces, calicles of aU sizes appear as deep open holes, with very 

 slight traces of septa. These calicles are smallest near the epitheca, and get larger and larger 

 tni they reach the edge where, without break, they run into the calicles of the upper surface. 



The ccenenchyma, in section, consists of a thick layer of close streaming reticulimi 

 bending downwards slightly on to the epitheca and upwards to fonn a thick layer, the upright 

 elements of which often resemble typical trabecule. The interstitial spaces of the coral rise 

 into tall thin ridges or plates, 3 to 4, even 5 mm. high. These are thin and lattice-like, with 

 ecliinulate edges (the erect echinulfe being the tips of the upright elements of the reticulum) ; 

 the plates themselves are triangular, semicircular, or finger-shaped. They are sometimes aU 



