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PAPILLATE MONTIPOE^. 101 



growths. Two very fine stocks of the same coral, also from the Red Sea, are stUl in the 

 collection of Montipores in the Paris Museum (261cZ and c), and are labelled M. verrucosa. 



Klunzinger's photographs (pi. vi. fig. 9 ; v. fig. 5), show that his M. rus (not Forskal's) 

 belongs to the same type. In calling it M. rus he follows (as Milne-Edwards and Haime did 

 before him) Ehrenberg's queried suggestion that his Porites mmandrina might be Forskal's 

 M. rus. It seems to me, however, impossible to reconcile the account given above with that of 

 Forskal. The latter * speaks of raised denticulate undulating keels, and again says that 

 between the higher keels the whole space appears filled with papillae, and again, that in the 

 higher and lower parts of the corallum the surface is delicately " papillosa-spongiosa," looking 

 at a distance as if covered with a spider's web. Now, in the first place, the round knob-like 

 papillas on this type cannot be called keels, and in the second, Eorskal's description applies 

 best to those tuberculate Montipores which form their ridges by the flowing together of 

 longitudinal series of tubercles. 



For the differences between this type and M. verrucosa, see figs. 1 and 2, PI. XIX. 



We are indebted to Klunzinger for figuring Ehrenberg's specimens of his Porites 

 mceandrina, which now becomes an established Montiporan type; the name apparently 

 applies to the system of valleys between the papillfe. Comparison of the figm-es and descrip- 

 tions will show that it is not far removed from M. dance, but the papillfe, though larger than 

 the interstitial spaces, are not so enormously developed as in that type. 



a. Eed Sea. From Paris Museum. 49. 9. 28. 9. 



i. ? CoU. Bowerbank. 77. 5. 21. 203. 



(These are two fragments of the same block and fit together.) 



79. Montipora dans. (PI. XX.) 



Manopora tuberculosa, Dana (non Pmites tuberculosa, Lamarck), Zoophytes (1848) p. 506, pl. xlvii. 



fig. 2. 

 Montipora danm, Milne-Edwards and Haime, Ann. d. Sci. Nat. (3°)Zool., xvi. (1851) p. 65. 



Description. — Corallum explanate, horizontal, encrusting, sending up a few solid lobate 

 processes from the surface. Margin tMck, • 5 cm., free, or creeping and encrusting ; when free, 

 the coenenchyma streams back over the epitheca as flat encrusting layers or as thick pendent 

 rootlets. 



Calicles small, • 6 mm., distinct, irregularly scattered on the smooth portions of the 

 coenenchyma, i.e. in the level valleys between the papUlEe, rather far apart (ca. 3 mm.), except 

 when arranged in rows close under the protection of the papillse. Seen from above, star- 

 shaped ; seen slantingly, as round irregular holes ; immersed, the marginal septa below the 

 level of the coenenchyma. Traces of two cycles of septa, but both cycles irregular in size and 

 seldom symmetrically radiate ; secondaries very feebly developed ; the polyp cavities deep. 



The coenenchyma in the valleys between the papOlae is a loose, open and delicately 



* Descrip. Animal, 1775, p. 135. 



