﻿116 MADREPORAEIA. 



from the edge of the aperture. Sis rather coarsely granular septa clearly distinguishable. 

 Very small immersed calicles on the under side. 



Ccenenchyma stony and tough, a very thin reticular layer rests on the epitheca. Upon 

 this there rests a thick layer of stout and conspicuous, not crowded trabecule (4 to 5 mm. long). 

 These rise above the level of the calicle apertures as stout tubercles, irregular in height and 

 distribution; the tallest (1 mm. in height, 0*75 thick) are near calicles but never in actual con- 

 tact with the calicular aperture. The tubercles are specialised into compact bushy cylinders 

 or knobs. They may be so crowded as to fuse together to form a fresh surface to the corallum, 

 especially on the tops of the lobes or slight eminences. The whole surface, tubercles, septa, &c., as 

 if frosted with fine granules. The tubercles stand in no conspicuous relations with the calicles. 



The single representative of this coral in the Collection is one named by Dr. Klunzinger 

 himself, being, in fact, one of liis o-«ti specimens, and identified by him with Ehrenberg's 

 stilosa, which he had been able to examine in the Berlin Museum. 



The fi-agment is an encrusting mass 7 to 8 mm. in thickness. The trabecular layer is 

 very marked, the trabecule being of irregular thickness, rising into very compact bottle- 

 brush-Ul^e tubercles above the surface. The specimen of this coral in the Paris Museum is 

 tinged with pink, and the bushy tubercles have white tips to their branchlets. It is important 

 to note that the tubercles stand back a little, and do not closely surround the calicle apertures. 

 Another marked feature of the coral is the delicate granulation of the surface, tubercles and 

 septa ; it is as if the whole were frosted over. Small patches, however, lose this hoar frost 

 appearance and show a smooth and very solid and stony reticulum. These patches are due to 

 the fusion of the tubercles above described. 



The specimen is interesting, because it shows at least three successive growths one over the 

 other ; and further, the uppermost was, when gathered, beginning to die down. The finely granular 

 and glassy tubercles appear to melt together into a smooth, white, chalky, opaque mass ; over this 

 the succeeding growth would no doubt have spread from some vigorously growing centre. 



The encrusting habit results in the lobes and knobs becoming more and more pronounced 

 with each new layer, so that the mass may ultimately tower up (" hochlappig erhoben "). 

 Milne-Edwards uses the term " subdendroide," but it is doubtful whether his description 

 referred at all to Ehrenberg's species. 



The living coral is described as of a -sdvid violet or red colour, visible from a great 

 distance. Yellow varieties are said to occur (Klunz.). Brown or white tentacles (Klunz.) 

 the oral disc being striped white and violet or red (Ehr.). The toughness of the corallum 

 makes the masses difficult to break off (Klunz.). 



a. Koseir, Bed Sea. Coll. Klunzinger. 86. 10. 5. 15. 



92. Montipora villosa. 

 Montipam villosa, Klunzinger, Korallenthiere, pt. ii. (1879) p. 31, pis. vi. 8, v, ii., x. 2. 



Description. — Corallum explanate, 1 • 5 cm. thick, 5 mm. at the edge. 



Calicles round and conspicuous near the edges but somewhat obscured elsewhere. 

 Septal system feebly and irregularly developed. On the imder surface the calicles are 

 surrounded by solid rings flush with the surface. 



