﻿TUBERCULATE MONTIPOE^. 117 



Ccenencliyina. The tubercles are long (2 to 3 mm.), thin, and often pointed, and 

 developed chiefly as palisades round the polyp cavities, which thus often appear to project 

 as protuberant calicles. Between these rings of tubercles the interstices are either flat and 

 show the open reticulum, or else there are small tubercles like spines or granules. The 

 older and thicker portions of the corallum are irregularly raised into warty eminences, and 

 on these the tubercles are not so regularly arranged in rings but are more scattered. 



This description is put together from Klunzinger's text and photographs, the original 

 term papUlEe being in each case changed into tubercle, according to the terminology here 

 used. There is only one explanate tuberculate Montipore from the Eed Sea in the National 

 collection, and this is a single thin leaf, and was originally labelled M. foliosa. It differs 

 from M. villosa in the shortness and crowded state of the tubercles, which do not in any 

 conspicuous fashion form palisades round the calicles. It seems to me most likely allied 

 to M. rus of Forskal (p. 140). 



Dr. Klunzinger compared the method of growth with that of M. patina^ormis of 

 Esper (see p. 97), but the ccenenchymatous specialisation is quite distinct. 



93. Montipora nodosa. 

 Manopora nodosa, Dana, Zooph. (1848) p. 501, pi. xlvi. figs. 2, 2a, 2&, 2c. 



Description. — Corallum encrusting, glomerate, with edges thin, free for 3 to 5 cm., and 

 slightly turned up ; it forms thick " tuberculate " masses, with the " tubercles " ( = lobes) 

 mostly conical and Hke rudimentary branches. 



Calicles very minute, • 4 mm., six-rayed, a few on the smooth under surface of the margin 

 are very minute and slightly prominent. 



Coenenchyma " hardly fragUe, spinuloso-asperate," spinules very crowded, scarcely 1 mm. 

 long, a little compressed and obtuse. 



This type is from the Fiji Islands, (Mathuata, Island of Venua Lebu). The living 

 polyps are pale lilac with obsolete tentacles, and the disc with twelve short crenations and a 

 white margin. This is an encrusting tuberculate Montipore, the surface of which rises up into 

 prominences like incipient branches. 



There is no specimen in the National Collection corresponding with it. 



94. Montipora mammillata. (PI. XXI. fig. 4.) 



Description. — Corallum thick, about 1 cm., encrusting, forms small rounded bosses. 



Calicles unevenly distributed, crowded on one side where the surface is tuberculate, 

 scattered on the other where the surface is smooth ; large, just under 1 mm., conspicuous like 

 deep punctures. Septal apparatus feebly and irregularly developed round the aperture, one 

 or two directives as short stout projections from the calicle margin, a few primaries and 

 secondaries appear deep down in the fossa. 



