FLORIDAN BRYOZOA. 17 



plain front-side prickled by pores, in almost all essential points it agrees with the pre- 

 ceding form. But, for its specifical distinctness, the distal part of its lower chamber 

 is more contracted, and the aperture of the thus formed neck dilates at the sides, so 

 as to rneet again the lateral walls of the zooecion. The broad denticle, at the articu- 

 lation of the operculum, in the preceding species, does not seem here to be developed, 

 at least in that degree. Thus the proximal margin of the outer aperture, finally, seems 

 to have been supported by the eoncave margin of the inner aperture. 



The ocecia, which, on this species, are very comrnonly developed, were already 

 iigured by Savigny and are further described by Buse. 



Now, of the Microporidan series, the Floridan fauna has shown us not less than 

 four different manners of growth, viz. the Merubraniporcm-, Cujmlarian-, Hemescharan- 

 (Siphonella) and Escharan-growths. To these, in the systematical arrangement, without 

 doubt, the Vincularian growth is to be laid. For, if we compare the Vincularia neoze- 

 lanica, Busk l ) with the Steginoporella elegans, we will find thern so closely agree with 

 each other, that they scarcely can be separated in two different genera. As to the 

 Cellarian growth, from - the arctic fauna, we know 2 ), the Cellaria articulata is to be 

 placed in this family. Then, as it can not enter any of the above proposed genera, 

 it must have its own generical name, for what purpose, I think, the otherwise super- 

 fluous Glauconome 3 ) (Munster) will be the most fit one. 



In the Paléontologie Francaise (1. c. p. 504) D'Orbigny at first, in his sections A 

 and B of the Cellulinés empatés, distinguished the escharine and jlustrine types. There 

 (pag. 505) he also constituted a genus, Biflustra, which, afterwards, in the Crag Polyzoa, 

 was accepted by Busk, and now, through the excellent researches of that author, is ren- 

 dered the best-known generical type in a natural series, which I propose to be regarded 

 as a distinct familj' with the name of 



BIFLUSTRID.E. 



The most striking characteristic for this famil}', even in its lower forms, will be 

 the relatively great size of the zocecia 4 ). For the higher degrees of development, as 

 their characteristic, we can cite the following from Busk d ): The polyzoarium is com- 

 posed of very regular quadrangular cells, with granular margins, and widely open 

 in front. 



Otherwise, in this as in all natural series, we may expect to find the different 

 degrees of development different enough for making it difficult, if not impossible, to 

 give a constant characteristic; but the quadrangular shape of the zocecia, as well as 

 their strong, usually high and hardly calcificated and granular margins, in most cases 

 will make the Biflustridan type recognizable. 



l ) Quart. Journ. Micr. Se, n. ser., vol. I, p. 155, ZoopliytoL, tab. XXXIV, fig. 5, 5 a. 

 -j Cfr. Krit. Fört., Öfvers. Vet. Akad. Förh., 1867, p. 451. 

 :i J Goldfuss: Petrefacta Germanice, part I, p. 100. 

 4 ) Krit. Fört., 1. c, pag. 413. 

 ä ) Crag Polyzoa, pag. 71. 



o 



K. Vet. Akad. HanJl. B. 11. N:n 4. ° 



