26 P- T. CLEVE, 



often been strongly altered, probably by infiltration of water containing silex in a state 

 of solution. In sorae places, as near the mines, I have seen specimens of breccia trans- 

 formed to quartz with many small spöts of pyrite, but still with the structure of breccia 

 perfectly well conserved. The hills around Grand-fond consist chiefly of chert, which 

 has originally been a breccia. North of Grand-fond sotne metalliferous veins are found, 

 containing lead-minerals, and sorae copper. The vein-stone is quartz containing some epi- 

 dote, heavy spar, pyrite, hematite etc. The vein strikes from North to South and has 

 been Avorked lately. The mines were opened in June 1868 and on my visit to the island 

 in Febr. 1869 there was a mine of the depth of 14 fathoms. The quantity of lead-ore 

 extracted from this mine was 4 tons. Another mine, the working of which had been com- 

 menced in Oct. 1868, was at the time of my visit 9 fathoms in depth, and about 3 tons of 

 ore had been found there. The lead-ore is said to contain 10 ounces of silver in the ton. 



In the point west of Grand-fond there is also a vein, excavated in the seacliffs to 

 a cave, whose walls, continually moistened by spray from the breaking sea, are covered 

 by gypsum and in some spöts by a white soluble salt, containing a compound of sulphate 

 of. sodium and alumina. I found there, also, a new compound of sulphate of sodium with 

 basic sulphate of peroxide of iron for which I propose the narne of Bartkolomite. It occurs 

 in yellow masses and is distinctly crystaline. The mineral probably originates from the 

 action of seawater and air upon pyrite and feldspathic rocks. 



The limestone of S:t Bartholomew is a very härd and compact rock with a flat, even 

 cleavage. It has a decided tendency to break in parallelopipedic or cubic pieces, separated 

 by fissures generally containing fine crystals of calcarious spar or rock-crystals. That pe- 

 culiar structure often gives the rock, when viewed from a distance, the appearance of ba- 

 salt. The limestone sometimes contains numerous fossils, which are generally very badly 

 preserved. Among the fossils are numerous echinoderms, among which is found a species 

 of Macropneustes and Eckinolampas Ovum serpentis Guppy, also found in the S:t Fernando 

 beds of Trinidad. I found, too, a fine specimen of a decapodous crustacean of the genus 

 Ranina, of which there is also one species in Trinidad. The foraminifera are very abun- 

 dant and also many different species of corals. Among the brachiopodous mollusca I found 

 one specimen of Argiope and many specimens of a Terebratula, resembling T. carnea of 

 the cretaceous formation, or the still living T. hyalina. It seems to be the same as T. 

 carneoides Guppy of the S:t Fernando beds of Trinidad. 



The gastropodous shells are very numerous and belong to the genera: Voluta, Ro- 

 stellaria, Natica Phorus, Cyprcea etc. Among them I found many specimens of a large 

 Nerita closely resembling, if not identical with the N. conoidea Lam. of the eocene beds 

 around Paris and other places. One large species of the genus Ceriihium seems to me to 

 be identical with, the C. Giganteum Lamk from the eocene beds of Paris. 



The bivalves are very numerous. They are represented by large oysters, one Pinna, 

 Spondylus, Plicatula, Inoceramus, (?), Ludna, Tellina, Cardita, Cardium etc. 



The fossil fauna has a decidedly eocene appearance and may be classed as equiva- 

 lent to the middle eocene beds of Europé (Calcaire grossier, Bracklesham beds). The oc- 

 currence of fossils of the same species as well in S:t Bartholomew as in the San Fernando 

 beds of Trinidad seems to me to prove that the latter also are of eocene date. 



