48 
“ together. ae Samp yi the pulp on it is then set to dry in the 
“sun. In the course of some ten hours it is quite dry, and the a 
“ of paper can ies be lifted off the frame. It now only remains to 
“smooth the surface. This is done by applying a thin paste of 1 rice 
¢ flour to the surface, and then rubbing it down with a smooth stone. 
“ A black paper, which is written on with a ned pencil, is made by 
a ng i the surface with a mixture of charco 
ess of the manufacture having been lia described, some 
additional facts regarding the tree itself, and the various uses of the 
paper may prove of interest. 
The place at which most of the native paper industry is carried on 
lies on the left bank of the River Mënam, between six and seven miles 
from Bangkok, ayers eed Se of a cluster of attap houses built on piles 
over the river and a creek which runs through their midst. 
The average Height. of the “ Ton eee oi” is about 30 ats The branches 
grow in an oe and straggling manner. The lea e are dark 
green oval in shape, E acuminated, with a serrated edge. 
The enra az the e is very short, the venation is reticular, and there 
is e a single mi 
he fruit, eri is ripe during March and TE is small and dry, 
aa is not put to any use by the natives of Sia 
The bark, in addition to being employed in the manufacture of paper, 
is used by native doctors for medicinal purposes. Itis boiled with a 
large portion of salt, and, when reduced to a pulpy state, it is supposed 
to allay m especially in the teeth, when applied internally to the 
affected part 
e native name for the frame of netting into which the pulp is 
poured is “ Phaneng,” the price of which is one tical (2s.). The price 
of a sheet of the paper, . it is taken off a frame, 6’ 1}” + I’ 11’, is one 
fuang, sre out to 3d. English mone 
A paper of a thinner texture is also manufactured, the fineness of the 
texture ese en on the greater or lesser admixture of water wr the 
pulp of the “ Ton Khoi” bark when placed in the frame of netting. This 
thin paper is now falling into disuse, and is gradually being rologted 
to remote districts of Siam, and to use by the poorer classes. 
The black paper mentioned in Mr. French’s Report, and of which 
me process as the white, is smeared with a ae mixture obtained 
by boiling the charcoal of the tree or shrub called “Ton Sanoh” with a 
certain quantity of rice. When folded in the shape of books of the 
better quality, the paper is usually covered with a double coating of this 
mixture. 
The “Ton Sanoh” above mentioned is a Arete growing to the 
height of some 8 or 10 feet, and is of a pithy n 
The method of writing on white paper is sie by the use of a 
European pen and ink, or, better, by means of a native pen formed of a 
small piece of split bamboo, hollowed along the centre, and tapering to 
a point. This latter is used with Chinese ink Pare e same je Hope were 
which is sold in sticks at prices varying from 14d. to 
write permanent characters on the seein per requir a m pae aai 
degree of skill and practice. The used is the same as the one e used 
ite eee bain 
SS ON ee 
