22 , 
Eucommia ulmoides is wn to t in China, it is not 
easy to get a quantity of seed; and, further, germination seems 
slow and irregular e sowing produced a single seedling af 
ter 
the lapse of six weeks, a second after five months, and others later. 
Fortunately cuttings seem to give better results. They will strike 
root at any season, and give vigorous plants; but spring, when 
the branches are still leafless, seems to be the most favourable 
time for taking them.” 
Eucommia ulmoides promises to be hardy at Kew. 
November, 1897, M. Maurice L. de Vilmorin presented a plant to 
the Royal Botanic Gardens, where it has been grown successfully 
in the open without protection. 
In Paris, where the winters are more severe than at Kew, the 
plant has survived through them, as testified by the following 
answer dated November 13, 1899, kindly sent by M. M. de Vilmorin 
to a question from Kew :— 
“Two plants of Hucommia ulmoides remained unprotected 
against a wall in our Paris garden during the two last mild 
winters, and stood uninjured through as low a temperature as 
Dro ui. 
The Jardin Colonial has already experiments in hand in Annam, 
Tonkin, and North Africa. 
The bark of Tu chung had attracted attention long before the 
discovery of the tree to which it belonged. The following notice 
appeared in the Kew Report for 1831, p. 47 :— 
Chinese collections of Materia Medica often contain Specimens of 
a drug consisting of blackened fragments of bark and small pieces 
of twigs. These ontai 
(with the Chinese name Tu chung), and from Smithsonian 
Institution, Washington. The botanical origin has been hitherto 
altogether uncertain. eems, however, probable from a notice 
re, Director of the Botanic Garde Saigon 
( ions et Reconnaissances, No. Saigon), that this drug is 
the produce of Parameria glanduli Vera. This is an apocynaceous 
imber, ascending e summits of the highest |; i 
exactly the appearance of milk, and may even be used as a sub- 
stitute for it; it has a slight nutty flavour. In the liquid state 
ans. The bark 
| d 
at 20 to 25 franes the pieul (= 1233 lbs.), and exported to China. 
The bark is a medicinal produet, esteemed by the Chinese.” i 
