90 



JOURNAL OF HOBTICULTOEB AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. 



[ August 3, 187 



cuttings may be put into a 5-inch pot. They must be kept in 

 a close frame or some other such place while rooting. They 

 should remain in the cutting-pots until spring. If well rooted 

 not a single one of them will die in a greenhouse temperature 

 throughout the winter. 



Where they thrive well Calceolarias are still exceedingly 

 usef al flower-garden plants, and nothing is more easily managed 

 in the cutting state. The last week of September is early 

 enough to begin with them. Any kind of frame is suitable for 

 them. They require no artificial heat at any time. The frame 

 in which they are put should contain a depth of 6 inches of 

 sandy loam. A layer of pure sand is sometimes placed over 

 the top of this, but if airing is well attended to in winter and 

 spring so as to prevent damping this is not needed. There is 

 never any scarcity of Calceolaria cuttings. They should be 

 from 2 to 3 inches long, and they should be put in about the 

 same width from each other. If sashes are at hand they may 

 be laid on while they are rooting, otherwise they often do well 

 exposed. 



Pansies and Violas, now so justly popular for flower-garden 

 decoration, will root anywhere. They need not even have 

 frame protection. The shelter of a wall suits them as well. 

 They should be made in the same way and about the same 

 time as the Calceolarias. They must have a lighter and more 

 sandy soil than the latter. When they are put in 3 inches 

 apart it is not necessary to remove or transplant them until 

 thpy are shifted into their final resting place. All cuttings are 

 made in much the same way. 



Where there are plenty of houses to hold them throughout 

 the winter a large stock of everything should be rooted in 

 a utnmn, as this can be done now with much less trouble and 

 expense than when much fire heat has to be employed in the 

 early spring months. — J. Muib. 



PAUL VEEDIEE ROSE. 

 I wish to call attention to a Bose which is not often seen in 

 exhibition stands, probably because its flowers do not expand 

 so early as other good varieties. This trait in its character 

 makes it of great value to me, for now that other Boses are 

 nearly over Paul Verdier is at its best, and I am inclined to 

 think it furnishes more perfect blooms than any oth»-r Bose I 

 am acquainted with. It is a good deal like Beauty of Waltham 

 in form ; it is of a lighter shade than that beautiful Bose, and I 

 think keeps its colour longer. The present hot weather scorches 

 a few of its petals, but still I could pick fifty or sixty blooms 

 which would not disgrace an exhibition stage. It is not, how- 

 ever, as an exhibition Bose that I recommend it, though a few 

 plants of it might sometimes be found useful in making-up a 

 collection for a late show, but as a garden Rose and a Bose for 

 catting when most other Boses are over I have not at present 

 seen anything to beat it. It is a vigorous grower and free 

 bloomer, and with me on clayey soil is best on its own roots. 

 — William Taylob. 



IVY HEDGES. 



Attention has been directed to the several decorative pur- 

 poses to which Ivy is adaptable, and for the various uses 

 named on page 66 it cannot be over-estimated. It may be 

 useful to supplement the remarks of "J." by noticing that 

 Ivy in some parts of Belgium is used for hedges— for forming 

 divisional lines in nurseries and as boundary fences. It is 

 thus employed because of its hardiness, its evergreen and 

 ornamental character, and on account of the small space which 

 fha hedges occupy. More particularly I noticed the nee of 

 Ivy for the purpose named in the interesting nursery of Mr. 

 Osarles Van Geert at Calmpthout, a few miles distant from 

 Antwerp. In this nursery, which will be more fully alluded 

 to on a future occasion, there are many kinds of hedges, and 

 amongst them hedges of Ivy. These are formed in the first 

 ii'stance of galvanised wire netticg affixed to stout and durable 

 supports. This forms the framework oi the hedge. The Ivy 

 speedily covers the wire, and a thin, dense, durable hedge is 

 provided. Thus without the aid of walls many of the orna- 

 mental Ivies may be cultivated in a manner not only attrac- 

 tive but useful, hedges formed in this way being firm and sub- 

 stantial. 



In the same way Ivy maybe trained to cover summer houses 



gardens, and of which Mr. Van Geert's nursery at Antwerp 



affords an example. A skeleton framework — either octagonal 



or hexagonal — had been fixed, and the sides formed as it were 



walls, also a roof, of wire netting. These were covered with 

 Ivy, producing a cool agreeable shelter. This is an inexpensive 

 structure, yet lasting and appropriate to many grounds and 

 gardens. It is noticeable that where the wire had been covered 

 with mats — ordinary BusBian garden mats — previously to 

 planting the Ivy, that the latter grew more satisfactorily, 

 forming a quicker and a better screen than when the wire 

 alone constituted the surface for the Ivy to cling to. These 

 mats appear to be particularly suitable for the support of Ivy, 

 the shoots clinging to them with great tenacity, in fact, as 

 Mr. Van Geert observed, " eating them," so that in a very few 

 years not a vestige of the mats is to be found. That, however, 

 is due to the desiccating influence of the weather as much as 

 to the gormandising power of the plant. After " eating " 

 through the mats the Ivy becomes affixed in the wires, and is 

 not displaced by wind, and the walls are permanent and ever- 

 green. The Ivy only requires clipping occasionally to keep it 

 " snug," and then no one can tell without a close examination 

 that it is not growing on stone or brick walls. The adapt- 

 ability of Ivy for these modes of shelter and ornamentation 

 renders these examples worthy of being recorded. — J. W. 



AN AFTEENOON AT CHESHUNT. 



I had been so often invited by Mr. George Paul to pay him 

 a visit while his Boses were in bloom that I determined one 

 day to go down to Cheshunt. The afternoon was fearfuDy 

 hot, and the Great Eastern railway arrangements are none 

 of the best. It is only thirteen miles to Cheshunt, and yet 

 we were an hour going down and nearly two hours coming 

 back ; but as soon as I reached the Cheshunt railway station 

 I was all right, for on the platform I beheld my host, and 

 from that moment all was jolly. He had a little pony trap 

 waiting, constructed by a clever man who lives near his nur- 

 sery, so as to traverse all the narrow roads and turns in 

 his numerous nurseries. We drove from one to the other, 

 getting out whenever we came to a patch of Boses and leaving 

 the pony to the charge of another rosarian, Georgius Paulus 

 tertius. I was much struck with the condition of the nurse- 

 ries. Except in one piece of fruit trees, which had been from 

 press of work a little neglected, no trace of a weed was to be 

 seen. All the soil, too, was open, bearing marks of the hoe, 

 showing how recen-tly the men had been over it. Mr. Paul's 

 system is to have the hoe constantly at work, so as to make 

 the soil porous and open that the rain and dew may enter the 

 easier. He does very little, if anything, in the way of mulch- 

 ing or top-dressing ; his idea is to have the ground constantly 

 moved. Certainly his plan is most economical, and most suc- 

 cessful if results are to be taken as proofs. No one has been so 

 uniformly successful in exhibiting Boses as he has been. If you 

 take one year with another you will find that he is facile princeps. 

 One year the seedling Briar may astonish the Rose world, at 

 another, as this year, the Colchester grower may electrify us ; 

 but year by year Paul & Son of Cheshunt are grand. They 

 may not be first for seventy-two, but there is never a show 

 that they do not get one first, whilst running well for second 

 in the others. They may at times be beaten, but they are 

 never disgraced. They always show whatever their form may 

 be. To the halls of crystal or to the tented field they come. 

 Mr. Paul, ever genial, ever pleasant, ever cordial, and one 

 of the kind-hearted men who never complain of a judge. 

 Long may hs live and flourish, long may he come up to the 

 metropolitan shows with boxes full of blooms, which always 

 command admiration and are generally superb. Long may he 

 be spared to send out Cheshunt-raiEed Roses, and give us 

 seedlings from the Duke, children of Charles Lefebvre, and 

 Cheshunt Hybrids. All rosarians must feel that they owe a 

 debt of gratitude which they never can repay to him who gave 

 us Reynolds Hole. 



And now this year he offers those beautiful seedlings con- 

 cerning which I have a few words to say. I saw rows of these 

 Roses some three years old, for Mr. George Paul never sends 

 out a Bose which he has not proved for that term. He tries 

 the seedling in every possible way before he advertises it, and 

 any one, however beautiful it may be, which is deficient in the 

 all-important quality of vigorous growth, he discards it. I 

 saw a Bose which was a rather light Alfred Colomb or a 

 Madame Caillat, which appeared to me to be a most promising 

 seedling, but "Pretty is it not? but no good, there is no 

 growth," was my host's verdict, so it is condemned. The 

 three novelties are Duke of Connaught, Dr. Hooker, and Sultan 

 of Zanzibar. 



