Angmst 31, 187C 1 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



185 



quite a email state. The skin is covered with rusEety dots, 

 and is streaked with brownish red next the sun, the shaded 

 side being pale yellow and shining. It is in use at the present 

 time, and is much prized by the family. This is called the 

 " White Pippin " in some districts, but why I cannot imagine, 

 for its flesh as well as its skin is yellow. I have grown it both 

 on the Crab and Paradise stocks, and it is best in quality from 

 the latter, but the tree is a pigmy, and shows signs of canker. 

 I am afraid — indeed I am certain — that the true kind is not 

 always cultivated under this name. The Apple from whioh 

 the accompanying sketch was taken was, I believe, a fruit of 

 the true variety. 



I have mentioned the above Apples, the one for its earliness, 

 and the other for its good qualities and as not being extensively 

 cultivated, and I now mention a very old favourite, one of the 

 most profitable and valuable Apples that can be grown — the 

 Devonshire Quarrenden. It is now ripe and will continue 



* Fig. 23. — Devonshire Quarrenden. 



throughout the month. Whether we regard this Apple for its 

 beautiful appearance, its refreshing juiciness, its hardiness 

 and great bearing properties, we must pronounce it the king 

 of early Apples, and no garden or orchard can be considered 

 complete which does not contain trees of this excellent variety. 

 It is admirably adapted for orchard cultivation, and will grow 

 in any soil in which other kinds will flourish. It forms a hand- 

 some head as a standard tree, and in all favourable seasons its 

 branches are wreathed with crimson fruit— crimson where 

 exposed to the light, but light green where shaded by a leaf, 

 causing the fruit to have a beautiful dappled appearance. 

 - It is one of the beBt of Apples for home use and for market 

 purposes, and during the present month the supply of it in all 

 the principal markets will exceed that of any other Apple, a 

 circumstance speakirjg highly of its productiveness and value. 

 And yet this deservedly popular Apple is not grown every- 

 where, for there are many gardens which do not contain it, 

 and in my district I can say that friends will come and send 

 from long distances to beg, buy, or borrow dishes of my covet- 

 able " red-cheeked " Apples. The figure is of a section of a 

 medium-sized ripe fruit, and is certainly the most handsome 

 Apple that I can now send to table. 



It is because I have found the Apples named extremely 

 useful and much valued, and because I do not find them by 

 any means in all the gardens which I visit, that I draw at- 

 tention to them at a time when their qualities are freBh in my 

 memory, and when the period for planting fruit trees is fast 

 approaching. — A Nokthekn Gabdeneb. 



ROSES FOR TOWN GARDENS. 



A cobkespondent, Mr. W. Symon, having sought for informa- 

 tion about growing Roses in the vicinity of towns, we publish 

 the following excellent advice on the cultivation of Roses, with 

 well-selected list of varieties, which cannot fail to be useful to 

 those endeavouring to grow Roses in small villa gardens in 

 the vicinity of large towns. 



" The smoke of large towns is no doubt injurious to the 

 growth of Roses. Standards do not do so well as dwarf bushes 

 near towns. Choose the strongest growers with the best 

 foliage. I give a list of eighteen or twenty varieties which are 

 likely to do best. Have them budded on the Manetti, and 



plant deeply — that is, bury the junction of the scion with the 

 stock at leaBt 3 inches below the level of the soil. Mulch 

 the ground during the autumn and winter till about the first 

 week in April with good stable manure, then take it off, fork 

 the beds gently over, and keep the hoe going through the 

 summer. If the leaves turn black or mildew attacks them 

 give liquid manure — guano and superphosphate dissolved in 

 water about 2 ozs. of each to the gallon ; and if much troubled 

 with smoke syringe the leaves with water containing a little 

 soft soap in it, about an ounce to three gallons, following it 

 up before the plants are quite dry with pure water — soft water 

 if obtainable. The leaves Bent are Buffering from black mildew 

 and a little orange fungus, chiefly caused by the exceeding 

 dryness of the summer. 



The best sorts are Alfred Colomb, John Hopper, Fisher 

 Holmes, Mad. CISmence Joigneaux, Gloire de Dijon, Marechal 

 Vaillant, Marquise de Castellane, Dupuy-Jamain, Mdlle. Marie 

 Rady, Abel Grand, Marguerite de St. Amand, Annie Wood, 

 Bonle de Neige, Baroness de Rothschild, La France, Princess 

 Mary of Cambridge, General Jacqueminot, Jules Margottin, 

 Edouard Morren, Etienne Levet, and Francois Michelon. 



In all gardens exposed to the east and north-west winds 

 prune late. Thin out all old and all weak wood, and cut all 

 strong young wood back to four or five eyes. Always try and 

 encourage young wood to be made from the base. Do not 

 mind the plants looking short and Email when you have done 

 pruning in April. If the soil has been properly treated in 

 winter you will soon have plenty of growth when warm weather 

 sets in. 



Many Roses in small gardens are spoilt by constant drib- 

 blings from a water-pot, and others from fear of cutting away 

 too much wood, or from close planting and allowing other 

 plants to crowd them. A golden rule is to give plenty of 

 space ; Roses like air, but not wind, and in exposed places 

 should be Btaked, and protected, which can be done very often 

 by planting bushes, as Yews or Box, on the windward Bide, 

 care being taken not to let the Bhrubs interfere with the 

 Roses."— C. P. Peach. 



GARDENING IN THE OLD WORLD AND THE 

 NEW. 



Yous Journal reaches even to the " far west," and is wel- 

 comed not only as a recorder of progress in the " old country," 

 but as affording much information that is useful even in the 

 " new world." We are here a severely practical people, and 

 ever are on the look-out for that which is useful. The luxuries 

 of eastern life have not yet overtaken us, but we are well 

 in the van of civilisation, and can appreciate a dish served 

 tastefully, provided it contains something substantial. We do 

 not " go in " for table decorations and " colouration," simply 

 for the purpose of making a display, and I am not certain that 

 the "old folks at home" are so ardent in these matters as 

 they used to be — at any rate, when I was lately on the " other 

 side of the water" — i.e., in London, England, I heard sundry 

 allusionB to the frothiness, flimsineBS, showiness, and change- 

 fulness of the habitB of society. And as we have a saying here 

 that " when a man knows he is a fool there is Borne hope of 

 him ;" so when a fact is realised, and padding and gilded make- 

 ups are recognised, it is a sign that mere glitter is not satisfy- 

 ing, and that the common remark one hears of this or that 

 being " overdone " is a little significant. 



When in London I heard on all sides that showing had been 

 "overdone," and that shows did not "take;" that bedding 

 had been " overdone," and there was an inquiry for " old- 

 fashioned" plants; that awarding prizes was being "over- 

 done," and the honours were not properly honoured by the 

 public ; that the naming of plants and vegetables was being 

 " overdone," that new names were sometimes given to old 

 articles, and those which were new were not always better than 

 the old ; that there was an increasing number of " superbis- 

 simas" and " splendidissimas," and such-like grandiloquent 

 superfluities attached to very plain subjects. All that and 

 much more I heard when in the old country. I heard, for in- 

 stance, that the " new race of gardeners " might " talk finer," 

 but they did not " do better " than the " old standards," the 

 " plain old sticks," who covered our walls with fruit trees — 

 such trees that the " young Echool " say they have " not time 

 to train ;" who planted our orchards, those old plantations of 

 fruitful trees of useful fruits which are yet relied on for the 

 " market supply;" who planted Vines half a century ago, and 

 which yet produce luscious clusters of Grapes ; who had great 



