412 



JOUBNAIi OF HOBTIOULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ Novembar 9, 1876. 



beet yellow; Firefly, scarlet; Astrea, lilac ; and Jean Hutchette, 

 late white. Japanese sorts are now well known to be very fine 

 anddistinct decorative plants. The earliest and best flower is 

 Elaine, pure white, the petals stained at the back with red. 

 James Salter is a fine flower, opening about the same time. 

 These are succeeded by Fair Maid of Guernsey, Apollo, Garnet, 

 Prince SatBuma, Jane Salter, Red Dragon, Hero of Magdala, 

 Dr. Masters, Erecta Superba, and Magnum Bonum. Every 

 flower named in the above list might be grown in a select col- 

 lection. 



Perpetual-flowering Carnations are now coming into flower, 

 and our couple of dozens of plants will furnish blooms all through 

 the winter months. The flowers are near the glass in a. cool. 

 greenhouse. Some of the ordinary florist type of Carnation 

 promised to run to flower a few weeks ago, and were also re- 

 moved to the greenhouse. We have not cut blooms from this 

 section at Christmas ; but Mr. G. Rudd of UndercliSe, Bradford, 

 an ardent amateur cultivator, told us that he cut a bunch of 

 very fine blooms at that festive season last year from plants 

 placed in his greenhouse. Cyclamens are also making very fine 

 healthy growth in the greenhouse. We have put the plants 

 Jiear the glass, and are very careful in watering them not ta wet 

 the centre of the mass of leaves and flower bads. 



Primula sinensis in all the varieties requires a shelf near the 

 glass, and the plants like a higher temperature than is desirable 

 tor most other greenhouse plants. We find them damp off at the 

 neck if they are at a great distance from the glass ana in a low 

 •temperature. On the first appearance of decay at the collar of 

 the plants we dust the affected parts with dry lime. It is no use 

 trying to grow the double-flowered varieties unless the plants 

 ■are close to the glass and in a dry airy house. 



Attention has frequently been directed to mildew on New 

 Holland and other hardwooded plants. Particular attention 

 must be devoted to them at this season, and on the first appear- 

 ance of the parasite duBt the affected parts with dry sulphur. 

 All plants must be kept perfectly free from insect pesta. Fu- 

 migating with tobacco smoke as a preventive is highly neces- 

 sary at this season. Red spider can generally be removed, 

 from small plants at least, with a sponge and soapy water. — 

 J. Douglas. 



TEADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 



Simon-Louis Brothers, a Planfcieres, near Meta.— Catalogue of 

 Fruit and Ornamental Trees. 



Vilmorin-Andrieux et Cie, 4, Quaie de la Mesagerie, Paris.— 

 Catalogue of Bulbous-rooted Plants. 



Jean Nuytens VerE chaff elt, No. 134, Faubourg de Bruselles, 

 Ghent, Belgium. — General Plant Catalogue. 



HORTICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS. 



Secretaries will oblige us by informing us of the dates on 

 which exhibitions axe to be held. 



South Bermondsey (Chrysanthemums). November ISih and 14th. Mr. D. 

 Jewies, Rosedale Arms, Rosebury Street, Bermondsey, Sec. 



Northampton (Chrysanthemums). November 14th and loth. Mr. W. 

 Gutteridge, 51, Denmark Eoad, Northampton, Sec. 



Wimbledon (Chrysanthemums). November 15th and 16th. Mr. P. Appleby, 

 5, Linden Cottages, Hon. Sec. 



Brixton Hill (Chrysanthemums). November 17th and 18th. Mr. G. Gold- 

 finch, Sec. 



Loughborough (Chrysanthemums and Fruit). November 21st. Mr. John 

 West, Chapman Street, Loughborough, Sec. 



Birmingham. November 22nd and 23rd. Mr. J. Hughes, Monument Place, 

 Parker Street, Edgbaston, Sec. 



Isle of Thanet. August 30th, 1877- Mr. C. D. Smith, Hon. Sec. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 

 %* All correspondence should be directed either to " The 

 Editors," or to " The Publisher." Letters addressed to 

 Mr. Johnson or Dr. Hogg often remain unopened unavoid- 

 ably. We request that no one will write privately to any 

 of our correspondents, as doing so subjects them to un- 

 justifiable trouble and expense. 

 Correspondents should not mis up on the same sheet questions 

 relating to Gardening and those on Poultry and Bee sub- 

 jects, and should never send more than two or three 

 questions at once. All articles intended for insertion 

 should be written on one side of the paper only. "We 

 cannot reply to questions through the post. 

 Books (J. Stuchey).— Brown's "Forester" and Sutton's "Permanent 

 Pastures." The last you can have from Me ssrs. Sutton, nurserymen, Beading. 

 Address (J. W.).— Write to Mr. Boothby, Louth, Lincolnshire. 

 Bose Culture (E. B.).— "The Garden Manual," free by post if twenty 

 postage stamps are enclosed. 



Charge foe Joubnal of Horticulture [Sammy).— For three months 

 3s. 9tZ., and for six months 7s. 6d. 



Judging Vegetables. — "We must decline inserting any more communica- 

 tions on the subject. 



Raspberries (Chard). — The three red varieties we recommend to you are 

 Prince of Wales and FastoJff for heavy soil, and Bed Antwerp for light soil. 

 The culture is given fully in our "Fruit Manual," which you can have free 

 by post if you enclose five postage stamps. 



Drain Pjpe Choked (H. T.). — It is not a weed, but the roots of some tree 

 or plant that rind an entrance through the joints of the pipe. 



Bletia TAKKERTiLLliE (R. S. P.)— It is a native of China, and a portrait 

 of it is plate 1934 of the " Botanical Magazine." It is a stove Orchid, cud 

 requires no special culture. 



Primulas " Blind" (An Amateur). — We have never noticed suoh a thing 

 a s PrimulaB showing fine trusses of flowers which prove blind. Probably 

 you have not allowed time for the expansion of the flowers. Send us a 

 gpecimen. 



Baising Carnations from Seed (J. S. Webb). — The seed of Carnations 

 may be sown in March in a pot or pan well drained, and filled to within half 

 an inch of -the rim with a compost of turfy loam three parts and one part of 

 leaf soil, making the surface smooth, sifting a portion of the soil for that 

 purpose and for covering the seed. Scatter the seed evenly and rather thinly, 

 and cover with fine soil about an eighth of an inch deep. Place in a gentle 

 hotbed, and water so as to keep the soil moist. When the plants appear 

 keep them near the glass and admit air freely. "When the second leaves have 

 formed the plants may be removed to a cold frame, and after being well 

 hardened-off be planted out in moderately rich soil in an opon situation in 

 rows a foot apart, and that distance from plant to plant. If room be a con- 

 sideration the seedliDgs may be pricked off in rows 6 inches apart and 3 inches 

 asunder, replanting them at the distances above named in September for 

 blooming. 



Raising Pyrethsuhs from Seed (Idem). — Sow in pots or pan3 early in 

 March in light moderately rich soil, jubC covering the seed with fine soil, 

 placing the pans in gentle heat. The plants will appear in a few days, and 

 should be kept near the glass and well aired. When two or three leaves 

 besides the seed leaves are produced prick the plants off in pans or boxes 

 about an inch apart, placing them in a frame, keeping rather close and shaded 

 for a few days, then admitting air freely. By bedding-out time they will be 

 good plants. 



Wintering Geraniums (Lady Subscriber).— Provided froBt be excluded 

 from the granary the placts will winter sately. We should not give water 

 except to keep the stems and shoots from shrivelling, and if the pots were 

 sorrounded with hay or plunged in cocoa refuse, and the tops in severe 

 weather covered with dry Btraw, it is likely you would keep the plants safely, 

 and yet all depends upon keeping dry and excluding frost. Xhe plants will 

 need to be watered a3 they begin growing in spring. 



Retarding Cauliflowers (W. S.). — The best plan would be to place the 

 heads with a goodiy amount of leaves in a basket or box upon the ice in an 

 ice house, covering them with straw ; but as you may not have an ice house, 

 the only other plan we know is to cut the Cauliflowers with all the leaves 

 attached and hang them in a ehed, cellar, or other cool racist place. If flaccid 

 when wanted place in water fora time until the heads recover their freshness. 



Planting Boses {Would-be Rosarian). — You could not have better dis- 

 tances than •£ feet for the rows, with the plants 2 feet apart, forgrowing Bosea 

 for cutting; but old plants will bo of little use for affording exhibition 

 blooms. Change them at least biennially. Manelti stocks to budnext season 

 may be in rows 2 feet apart, aud 9 inches apart in the rows, and the seedling 

 Briars the same distance. Every other row to be removed after growing a 

 year from the bud, and every two plants, leaving the third one in every other 

 row for permanent growth. Mauecti cuttings maybe put-in in rows a foot 

 apait and 6 inches asunder, omitting every fifth row for facility of weeding. 

 Leave the Boses in rows -A feet apart and 2 feet in the rows, as they are for at 

 least another season^ and if too thick take out every other, planting in their 

 place two or three stocks of Mauetti, which after growing a year from tho 

 bud may be disposed of. The other plants will give you blooms available for 

 cutting for many jears. The Manettis budded this yearwiH require to make 

 a year's growth before they can be disposed of, and should remain where they 

 are. 



Vines in Greenhouse (J. S. S.). — We see no reason why Vines should 

 not succeed in your house. Ferns do remarkably well under the shade of 

 Tines. Wires would be required for the roof, aud these ought to be strained 

 tightly, not less than a foot from the glass; 15 inches is a better distance. 

 '1 he plant sent is a Kolosanthes. There are about a dozen vatieties in culti- 

 vation. It is a greenhouse plant, and should be potted in saady loam with a 

 little leaf Boil added. It likes a sunny position, and should not receive much 

 water during the winter months. 



Culture of Carnations (Idem). — To produce the finest bloom.3 of Car- 

 nations and Picotees the plaots ought to be grown in pots; but some of the 

 more vigorous sorts succeed well out of doors ; they do not require protection 

 during winter. You ought to have layered the gra&s in August, and potted- 

 off tho young plants about the last week in September or tarly in October. 



Top-dbessing Vine Borders (Q. SmWiers). — Your treatment so far is 

 right, and seems to have been successful. Add one barrowload of decayed 

 manure and a peok of crushed bones to eight barrowloads of your turfy loam. 



Solancm Capsicastrum (Idem). — You should plaoe the plants now in a 

 sunny position near the glass, and the night temperature should be about 55°. 

 The lifting of the plants from the open border and potting them would have 

 a tendency to cause the blooms to fall off without setting. They might not 

 have dropped had you lifted them two or three weeks earlier. 



Dahlia Flowebs Single (Nov ice). — This is a not uiu*requent occurrence, 

 and we have seen it happen with the best cultivators. You must not propa- 

 gate from such plants, or you will perpetuate a class of single flowers. It 

 leaves a blank in the bed or border, to remove the plants when the single 

 blooms aro observed. If they are allowed to remain until the end of the 

 season the roots must then be destroyed. You can do nothing to prevent 

 a few plants going wrong annually. We are not aware that single flowers 

 have been more common than usual this year. 



Lombaedv Poplar in Flower Boeder (IF. Stephenson). — The Boses 

 and flowering plaots may not as yet be much injured bj the Poplars, but 

 their heals and roots will injure them in a short time, therefore wo advise 

 the removal of the trees at once, taking them up by the roots. It is likely, 

 however, that the trees may be of far more importance as a screen than tho 

 flowers, in which case you will, of course, sacrifice the flowers for the treej, 

 but as to that you must determine. 



Various [A. T.). — We cannot identify from a leaf, send us a flower. We 

 publish "The Stove Manual." The worm is probably one of the wireworms. 



