138 



JOURNAL OF HOKTIOTLTTTRF. ABT5 COTTAGE QAaDBNEK. [ February 17, 1863. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS IN 1862. 



HOETON HALL, BBADPOBD, TOBKSHIEB. 



Latitude 53° 47' 36" H*. Longitude 1° 44' 47' W. Height 

 above sea level, 496 feet. 





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J N.W. 





With the exception of the firat three months the year was 

 cold and wet, and decidedly ungenial to many flowers, fruits, 

 and vegetables under the gardener's care. Although the harvest 

 of the country at large was equal or nearly so to the average, 

 and housed in fair condition, yet in this locality cereals were 

 late in ripening, and when ripe the difficulty was to know when 

 to cut the crops; for none being ready for cutting before October, 

 and some not even then, a period of heavy rains , set in — not 

 showers, but days of deluging heavy rain, which not only 

 hindered harvest operations, but prevented late crops on wet 

 lands from ripening. 



On the 11th of October 0.61 of rain fell, 0.34 on the 12th, 

 0.65 on the 15th, 0.32 on the 16th, 0.38 on 18th, 0.32 on 19th, 

 0.61 on 20th, with hail and high wind, 0.71 on 21st, 0.36 on 

 22nd, accompanied by thunder, 1.06 on 23rd, followed by showers 

 on the next two days ; then 0.64 of rain and hail on 26th, 1.14 

 on 27th, and showers on the following day, succeeded by fog, 

 which cleared away in the first frost on the 30th (27°). October 

 was the wettest of any corresponding month during the last 

 thirteen years, judging according to recorded observations; but 

 according to those whose opinions were derived from experience 

 it was the wettest October ever known. Though doleful be the 

 tidings the worst is not yet told. Fields of Oats were standing 

 in shock on the 10th and 11th of November, when the ground 

 was covered with snow 3 inches thick. There was corn out on 

 the 1st of December. 



I have to note Turnips were small, Mangolds no crop, but 

 Potatoes were good and freefrom disease. Herbage was abundant. 

 Eye-grassy of which no inconsiderable quantity is needed, was 

 good, and furnished three cuttings ; Pacey's Perennial affording 

 the best supply, and it is not so coarse as some varieties. Cut- 

 ting grass on meadows was general in the beginning of July, but 

 up to the 12th little was made into hay ; when, finer weather 

 setting in, the greater quantity was stacked in moderate con- 

 dition. 



A backward and wet spring hindered garden operations, but 

 it was not worse than in the two preceding years. Owing to 

 wetness of the soil seeds vegetated badly, and in many cases 

 there was a total failure, entailing a second sowing. 



The bloom on fruit trees was abundant and set well. There 

 was an abundant crop of Gooseberries, but caterpillars threatened 

 to annihilate them completely; so numerous were they that 

 they infested the Eibes species in plantations. Of Currants, 

 Red and White, the crop was good ; of Black moderate. Basp- 

 berries were abundant and large, but insipid owing to the 

 wet. Strawberries were a good crop, but maggot and canker 

 made large gaps in the plantations. Apples were plentiful but 

 small, and did not ripen properly : consequently they shrivelled 

 more than usual, and proved flavourless; Pears a moderate 

 crop ; and the same may be said of Plums. Cherries proved to 

 be a very fair crop, but nothing according to the promise of 

 bloom. Peaches did not ripen on walls, and the crop was small. 

 To the above it may perhaps be added that Grapes were much 

 given to shank, poor in flavour, and very deficient in colour ; 

 notwithstanding this some admirable specimens were exhibited at 

 the Bradford Show, and did great credit to the exhibitors. 

 Melons were worthless in unlined pits and frames, and deficient 

 iu flavour under the most favourable circumstances. 



Orchard-houseB were a dead failure, and have been in this 

 locality ever since their introduction ; but I have to note that 

 three beautiful specimens of Peaoh trees, in 11-inch pots, were 

 exhibited by Mr. Comfort, gardener to J. Priestman, Esq., of 

 Wheatley Hill, each tree averaging two dozen fruit, some of 

 them measuring 8 inches in circumference. Also by their side 

 was a Sweetwater Vine in a 12-inch pot, carrying eight bunches 

 (if memory be a safe guide) of medium size and with good-sized 

 berries ; and a Fig tree, in an 11-inch pot, full of fruit of the best 

 of all Figs — the Brown Turkey. Thus it would appear some 

 succeed while others fail, and we have to confess we are one of 

 the latter. 



Carrots were a bad crop, and maggot-eaten. Onions no crop. 

 Beet small — too small, but more than usual of top. Salsafy and 

 Scorzonera medium-sized and good in quality. Shallots much 

 grown by cottagers, fair crop. Potatoes, earlies, poor crop ; 

 main crops good. Had a packet of the substitute for the 

 Potato, Chserophyllum bulbosum, from the Eoyal Horticultural 

 Society ; but it produced nothing like so good a substitute as a 

 Carrot. The Ground-nut (Bunium denudatum) would be as 

 good a substitute for the Potato as it. 



Peas were a fair crop, running to haulm. The best we had 



