326 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ May 5, 1863. 



weather upon the Rose shows I am at a loss to imagine. In 

 my little plot there are upwards of a dozen varieties of estab- 

 lished plants in full bnd, to he cut off, I fear, by late frosts, or 

 to be worthless from premature development. Their enemies 

 also keep pace with them. The pernicious black grub is in its 

 old haunts, destroying the embryo flower, and the aphis is 

 becoming rampant. 1 can, however, effectually keep it down. 

 I shall name the kinds so forward here, as they may be con- 

 sidered early varieties, and worthy of notice on that account 

 under favourable circumstances. H.P.'s, Anna Alexieff, Jules 

 Margottin, Victor Terdier, Madame Domage, Madame de Cam- 

 baceres, Triomphe de Paris, Triomphe des Beaux Arts, General 

 Jacqueminot, Pius IX, Reine des Tiolettes, Duchess of Norfolk, 

 Senateur Yaisse; and of 1862, Monte Christo and Madame 

 C. Joigneaux; Bourbon, Catherine Guillot; and of Teas, Gloire 

 de Dijon and Madame Willermoz. The latter, on it3 own roots, 

 seems very hardy and robust, having withstood the same adverse 

 conditions under which so many others have failed. Of 1862, 

 Madame C.Wood, Notre Dame de Fourvieres, Souvenir de Comte 

 Cavour, Charles Lefebvre, Marechal Vaillant, F. Lacharme, and ! 

 Louise Darzins are all very vigorous and forward ; and I think, 

 as I have said before, that 1862 will have given us an unusual 

 number of superior Roses. Perhaps the plan I have adopted 

 of hanging a breadth of tanned netting, about 6 feet high, round 

 the garden may have had something to do with their early de- 

 velopment. Boses like plenty of air, but cold draughts do not 

 agree with them better than with the human species. 



Kiiowing how eagerly scraps of information respecting novelties 

 are sought after by enthusiastic cultivators, the following re- 

 marks upon what I have seen of them at Messrs. Frasers', Wm. 

 Paul's, and Paul & Son's, may not be without interest. Your 

 able contributor, " D.," of Deal, gave us an interesting descrip- 

 tive list of the forthcoming competitors for popular approval in 

 a number of your Journal towards the close of last year. Of 

 course the produce of the forcing-house is no criterion of ulti- 

 mate results ; still, if a variety does well there, it maybe assumed 

 likely to prove a success. The most promising of those I have 

 seen are B., Louise Margottin, a beautiful kind of a delicate and 

 desirable colour, somewhat in the style of Louise Odier, as most 

 of new Bourbons worth anything are ; H.P.'s, Jean Goujon, 

 Baron de Rothschild, Le Rhone, Madame Wm. Paul (a purplish- 

 crimson flower, very double, and appears to be an acquisition in 

 its line), Madame C. Eoq, not particularly novel, and Due 

 d'Anjou. 



It is somewhat surprising that Rose-amateurs do not more fre- 

 quently avail themselves of the floral treats within their reach. 

 The first-rate nurseries are always cheerfully opened to respect- 

 able visitors, who will usually find plenty of choice varieties, to 

 say nothing of other objects of interest, in bloom in the forcing- 

 houses at this time of year ; and those who wish to extend or 

 complete their collections will now have the choice of the frames 

 for plants in pots to turn out during the month. A word of advice 

 respecting the best method of doing this. Be sure the soil is light 

 enough. The young roots require some free and open, though 

 rich stuff, to deal with the first season, and it is a great assist- 

 ance towards establishing them, to protect and shade the plants 

 by means of a large flower-pot, or something of the kind turned 

 over them for a few days, leaving it off gradually, first by day, 

 and then altogether. — W. D. Pbiob, Homerton. 



planting and fencing ; whfle the crop remaining is valued to pay 

 a much higher rent for the land, from the period of planting to 

 final clearing away, than could have been got for it from any 

 other purpose to which it could have been applied.— (Dullin 

 Agricultural Heview.) 



THE PAKSY. 



I CA1TKOT remember so far back as can your correspondent, 

 "Dahl, Manchester," but I knew Mr. Thomson well, having been 

 a neighbour of his some yearB ago. I regret to tell " Dahl," that 

 Mr. Thomson has been dead about six years. I have never seen 

 since I left Iver any collection of Pansies that equalled Mr. 

 Thomson's. If I send for seed saved from first-rate flowers I 

 never raise a seedling worth saving. — Geo. Holies, Woodchester. 



EircouEAGEitENi to Plaktees. — The late Sir "Watkin "Wil- 

 liams Wynn planted between 1814 and 1819, on the mountain- 

 ous lands in the vicinity of Llangollen, situated from 1200 to 

 1400 feet above the level of the sea, 80,000 Oaks, 63,000 Spanish 

 Chestnuts, 102,000 Spruce Fire, 110,000 Scotch Firs, 90,000 

 Larch, 30,000 Wyeh Elm, 35,000 Mountain Elm, 80,000 Ash, 

 and 40,000 Sycamores. The profits arising from the thinning of 

 these trees have already far more than paid for the expense of 



ELUES YEBsrs HOT-WATEE EIPES. 



I •mix call your attention to that part of "E.'s" article, 

 page 211, which Mr. J. Robson advocates. Unluckily "E." 

 has omitted giving the length of the flue, the height of chimnies, 

 size of fireplace, &c., and the last two would make a great hole in 

 50$. ; for want of which information, I hope he will not take it 

 amiss if I try to Ehow the actual cost per yard, leaving the fire- 

 place and chimnies for the present. 



Now, the sides are formed of bricks laid flat, 12 inches deep 

 inside. These would require sixteen each. Again, he fails to 

 inform us as to what the bottom consists of. May I, therefore, 

 allow sixteen bricks for the surface of the bottom ? and as it will 

 require to rise as it extends, we will say two layers, which make3 

 thirty-two for the bottom. We now want three firetile3 18 inches 

 by 12, which will be \0d. each, making with the cost of the 

 bricks a total of *3s. 6d. per yard. 



For my part, in the formation of a small flue, I would have 

 tiles put on two bricks, placed edgeways so as to allow the air to 

 circulate under the flue, for a bottom ; bricks placed edgeways 

 for the 6ides, as the flue will then give out more heat at the sides 

 than in ' E.'s" plan, who has nearly all his heat from the top. 

 I should then require firetiles 12 inches by 12, at 6d. each, which 

 would make a total of *2s. 6d. per yard. 



So much for flues ; and I will now proceed to investigate the 

 price per yard of water-pipes to heat a house a little larger than 

 "E.'s/' For this purpose I would choose three-inch rain- 

 water pipe, which 1 can procure easily at 1*. per yard ; the 

 return-pipe being reckoned, makes it 2s., and the average cost 

 per yard for joining the pipes together with hemp and Portland 

 cement, 3d., in all *2s. 3d., leaving 1*. 3d. per yard in my 

 favour as compared with "E.'s." Now (for materials, labour 

 of setting the boiler, and building chimney I shall cancel, by the 

 building of fireplace and chimnies in "E.'s" case), there 

 only remains the boiler, a small one, which may be had for much 

 or little. I will only add that I can obtain more heat in less 

 time, with less trouble in cleaning, and a great saving in fuel. 

 These things speak for themselves. 



The Polmaise system was, and is, I dare say still, in favour 

 with Professor Lindley. I am very much surprised it did not 

 meet with a better reception after ail that has been spoken in its 

 favour. The best to work that I ever saw is at Messrs. Lanes' 

 Nurseries, Berkhampstead, which is the same one so minutely 

 described some few years since in a contemporary. They omitted, 

 though, to state the enormous quantity of fuel consumed by it in 

 one clay, compared to what would have been required had there 

 been hot-water apparatus fixed instead. 



By-the-by, I see no reason why I should not try to correct a 

 common error made in fixing hot-water pipes. Many people 

 fix their flow-pipe on a dead level, allowing the return to sink 

 gradually from the extremity to the bottom of the boiler. Now, 

 we know that if a pipe leaves the summit of the boiler, rises per- 

 pendicularly, say for 20 feet, and sinks at once to the, b o t t om of the 

 same, we obtain a superlative circulation ; but the more the pipes 

 decline to the horizontal position, the less rapid the circulation, 

 and the less heat do we obtain. Now, why do we not have the pipes 

 to rise at an angle, say of 10° ? Simply because, if carried to any 

 distance, the pressure on the bottom of the boiler and flow-pipe is 

 so great, owing to the height of the water, that something must 

 give way unless everything is made proportionately strong. I, 

 therefore, advocate, a rise, according to the distance the pipe is 

 required to go, of for twenty yards 1 inch in three yards, for forty 

 yards half an inch in three yards, and for a hundred yards three- 

 eighths of an inch. By so doing you obtain a ready circulation, 

 and avoid misfortunes similar to Mr. J. Robson's (see page 292.) 



I recollect M. Louis Tan Houtte, nurseryman, Ghent, relating 

 an incident attending the fixing of a hot-water apparatus in a 

 very large conservatory at St. Petersburg. He received a letter 

 requesting him to go there at once, as the severe weather was 

 coming on, but they could not get the water to circulate, being 

 obliged to pour the water in at the boiler end, and actually 

 pump it out at the other, so as to keep the frost out ! Being 



•These prices are the lowest I can get the wort done for in the country. 



