Some Recent Folds in the Lorraine Shales. 525 



Questions of much interest are suggested by the condi- 

 tions which are found to exist on a survey of the moun- 

 tain, such as the age of tlie different outcrops of trap and 

 their relation to each other, the conditions and the 

 nature of the force which in one case has changed the 

 limestone and apparently reduced it to something ra- 

 sembling a common quicklime, in another has given it a 

 dark purple color, and in still another has changed it to 

 a metamorphic rock, ranging from a soft, easily deocm- 

 posed substance, on the one hand, to one that is hard 

 and highly crystalline on the other. 



A careful study of these and many other questions 

 which arise in this connection would doubtless throw 

 much light on the history of Mount Eoyal, and at the 

 same time possibly add something to the sum of our 

 general knowledge respecting such matters. 



Some Kecent Folds ij^ the Lorraine Shales. 



By Dr. Alfred W. G. Wilson, McGill University. 



At the point on the north shore of Lake Ontario, about 

 one mile west of Lome Park, and fourteen miles west of 

 Toronto, the Lorraine shales are exposed in a low cliff. 

 Occasionally this cliff is fronted by a narrow gravel beach, 

 but along most of the section, which is about one mile in 

 length, the waves wash the foot of the cliff. Where the 

 shales are exposed at the eastern end of the section, the 

 cliff is about eight feet in height. The height increases 

 slightly westward, the maximum section being about six- 

 teen feet. The blue-grey shales are thin bedded, inco- 

 herent, and quite soft, with many small nodules which are 

 somewhat arenaceous and occasionally pyritiferous. Inter- 

 bedded with the shales are brown-tinted hard-bands of a 

 ripple-marked calcareous sandstone, sometimes varying to 



