278 



SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



Clause 10. — Specific names are: 



(a) Adjectives agreeing in gender with the 

 generic name. Ex., Felis marmorata . 



(b) Substantives in the nominative case are 

 placed in apposition to the generic name. 

 Ex., Felis leo. 



(c) Substantives are in the genitive when they 

 indicate dedication to some person or persons. 

 This genitive is always formed by the addition 

 of an i to the exact and complete name of the 

 person, even if the name is like Latin. If the 

 person be a woman ae is added. When the 

 dedication is to several persons, it is put in 

 the plural. Ex., Cuvieri, Mbbiusi, Nunezi, 

 Merianae, antiquorum . 



In the case of a name or Christian name having 

 already been used and declined in Latin, it follows 

 the rules of the declension. Ex., Plinii, Aristotelis, 

 Victoris, Antonii, Elizabethae, Petri (Christian name). 



Clause 11. — Specific names which are a repetition 

 of the generic name should be avoided. Ex., 

 Trutta trutta. 



The same applies for triple names when the 

 name of the variety is a repetition of that of the 

 species. Ex., Amblystomum jeffersonianum jeffer- 

 sonianum. 



Clause 12. — Local spelling should be adopted 

 when transforming into Latin adjectives names 

 borrowed from a country making use of the Latin 

 alphabet (languages Neo-Latin and Germanic). 

 For the convenience of writing one should adopt 

 the letters marked with the diacritic sign. 

 Ex., spitzbergensis, islandicns, Paraguay ensis, pata- 

 gonieus, barbadensis, fcirbensis. 



Clause 13. — Geographical names taken from the 

 names of men should be transformed into Latin 

 adjectives in conformance with Clauses 48 and 51. 

 Ex. : edwardiensis, diemenensis, magellanicus. 



Excepting the names of islands, such as Saint- 

 Paul, Saint-Thomas, Saint-Helena, which should 

 be kept as substantives, but put in the genitive 

 case. Ex. : Sancti-Pauli , Sanctae-Helenae. 



Clause 14. — Clauses 9 and 13 apply equally to 

 sub-genera. 



Of the Method of Writing the Names of 

 Genera and Species. 



Clause 15. — The name of the genus should always 

 be written with a capital first letter. 



Clause 16. — Surnames or Christian names used 

 in the formation of names of species can be 

 written with a capital letter. Ex., Rhizostoma 

 Cuvieri, Francolinus Lucani, Laophonte Mohammed. 



In all other cases the specific name should be 

 written with a small first letter. Ex., Oestius bovis, 

 Corvus corax. 



Clause 17. — The legitimate author of a species is 

 considered to be : 



(a) He who is the first to describe and name it 

 in conformity to Clause 1 ; 



(b) He who, conforming to the same clause, 

 names a species already described but not yet 

 named ; 



(c) He who substitutes for a name contrary to 

 the above-quoted clause one conforming to 

 the same rule ; 



(d) He who suppresses a name which has been 

 doubly used, and substitutes a new name. 



The name of the author of a species follows the 

 specific name. It is written without a comma and 

 in the same characters as the text following it : 

 supposing that the name of the species is in italics, 

 in roman text ; and in roman, in an italic text. 

 Ex., "Rana esculenta Linne' lives in France." 



Clause 18. — The name of a sub-genus, when it is 

 useful to quote it, is placed in parenthesis between 

 the name of the genus and that of the species. 

 Ex., Vanessa (Pyrameis) cardui Linne. 



Clause 19. — If it is required to quote the name of 

 a variety or sub-species, it should come third 

 without a comma or parenthesis. The name of 

 the author of this variety or sub-species can be 

 given, also without comma or parenthesis. Ex., 

 Rana esculenta marmorata Hallowell. 



Clause 20. — When the name of the author of a 

 species or sub-species is quoted in an abridged 

 form, one should conform to the list of abbrevia- 

 tions proposed by the Zoological Museum of 

 Berlin and adopted and slightly added to by the 

 Congress of Paris. 



Of the Subdivision and Joining of Genera 

 and Species. 



Clause 21. — When a genus is subdivided, the old 

 name is kept by one of the subdivisions, and that 

 which contains the original type of the genus. 



Clause 22. — When the original type is not clearly 

 indicated, the author who was the first to sub- 

 divide the genus can apply the old name to the 

 subdivision he judges best, and this prerogative 

 cannot be altered later. 



In other cases one cannot give the old generic 

 name to a group containing none of the original 

 species included in the genus. Neither can one 

 choose as a type a species the description of which 

 applies with doubt to the original genus. 



Clause 23. — The division of species is subject to 

 the two preceding rules ; but a specific name which 

 is evidently founded on an error of identification 

 cannot remain even when the species is placed in 

 separate genus. Ex.: Taenia pectinata Guze, 1782, 

 and. Taenia pectinata Zeder, 1800 = Cittotaenia pec- 

 tinata (Guze), and Andrya rhopalocephala (Riehm). 



Clause 24. — The oldest name is preserved : when 

 a genus becomes a sub-genus or a sub-genus is 

 made into a genus, when a species descends to the 



