551 
When reaction (22) takes place with increase of volume from 
left to right, then follows: 
jp ain aa at ke Sb AWSS 0 
(Z) [ie IED) aos aya 
towards higher P | towards lower P 
The equilibrium (Z)=— F,+ F,+.... exists, therefore, under 
pressures. larger than P,. Hence is follows that the equilibrium 2’ 
occurs also under a pressure higher than P,. Consequently when 
at common melting increase of volume takes place, then the melting 
pressure rises. 
From reaction (23) the same follows for the common point of 
conversion. 
When we assume that AV < 0, then it follows that on addition 
of the new substance the pressure of melting or conversion falls. 
Now we take the equilibrium: 
TN Oi DR SPOE A A RE 
of n —1 (or 7) components in m (or n +1) phases. Again L, L, 
represent liquids, #, F, solid phases of constant composition. Formerly *) 
we have called the temperature at which this equilibrium occurs 
under constant pressure the “Schichtungstemperatur”; we may call 
it also the stratification-temperature. We write the reaction occurring 
in this equilibrium: 
ZT EE iy Vial Oe NEEN du FF, +o, Et... ==) Sa (2,5) 
We may distinguish at this reaction the 2 main types: 
By oe, oe ea, Ged, Ee tg Fo Fs. (26) 
AL, +--+ oF, tud. Ap Ep Hd... +g Fy.--. (27) 
in which we take all coefficients positive. In (26) the solid substances 
may be wanting on the right side, in (27) on the right or on the left 
side. Experimental examples of both types are known’). In order to 
express the difference between the two reactions we shall say: in 
(26) all liquids are situated in reaction-conjunction, in (27) two or 
more are situated in reaction-opposition *). 
jk, A. H. ScHrermagers, die heterogenen Gleichgewichte von H. W. Baxuuis 
RoozeBoom ILI? 108. 
2, fF. A. H. SCHREINFMAKERS ibid. III? 106 —113, 193—203. 
*) In order to prevent confusion, see the following. In the books III) and III? 
mentioned above phases are many times spoken of which are situated in the diagram 
in conjunction or opposition. When we call this situation diagram conjunction and 
diagram opposition, then it appears that reaction-conjunction corresponds with dia- 
gram opposition and reaction-opposition with diagram-conjunction, 
