753 
is transmitted to the aleohol. At the same time, however, the lower- 
most layer is far more decolourized than the amount of pigment, 
which has passed over to the amylalcohol, conld lead us to expect. 
Chloroform does not extract pigment from cow’s serum. 
On the other hand the pigment can be easily extracted from egg- 
yolk with ether. From which it may be concluded, that in fowl’s 
blood-serum pigment occurs in a condition or in a combination 
different from the pigment in the egg. 
To benzene again the egg-yolk yields nothing. When we boil the 
yolk, a considerable amount can be extracted with benzene. 
From carrots a pigment can be readily obtained with ether, with 
henzene and likewise with alcohol. 
Pigment may be extracted from finely ground maize with ether. 
More easily when the maize is boiled with alcohol. It is well to 
watch the behaviour of cow’s serum towards ether and benzene. By 
shaking it with one of the two solvents, the pigment cannot be liberated. 
When, however, we add ethylaleohol to the serum and then ether, 
and subsequently separate it by a small. quantity of water, the 
pigment will pass quantitatively to the upper (ether) layer. We have 
pointed out before that this behaviour of cow’s serum had also 
struck Parver. He believed (although we could not corroborate it) 
that fowl’s serum invariably yields its pigment to ether. This induced 
Parmer to assume that fowl’s lipochrome occurs in free state in tne 
serum, whereas in cow’s serum the lipochrome is present in combi- 
nation with albumen. Of this compound termed by him caroto- 
albumen he has endeavoured to establish some properties. 
We doubt whether the pigment occurs in cow’s serum in combi- 
nation with albumen. If this were so, we might expect that the 
pigment could be set free not only with alcohol, but also with other 
solvents that denature protein, so that it could be extracted with 
ether. 
However, when salting out the albumen of the serum with ammo- 
nium-sulphate and subsequently treating it with ether or benzene, 
the pigment will not be taken up by it. 
Neither is this the case when extracting with ether or benzene 
after precipitating it by boiling. Still the protein, as may be expected, 
is denatured more by boiling than by precipitation with alcohol, 
since the latter reaction is initially reversible, the former is not. 
There is one more reason for our assertion that the “liberating” 
action of alcohol on lipochrome, which renders it fit to be extracted, 
resis upon something else then the decomposition of the protein-mole- 
cule. Whereas e.g. the denaturing of protein by alcohol is compara- 
