779 
(Samoa islands) reaches the sea, and also for the rocks of Mullion 
Island, which occur together with sediments with radiolaria TeALr ') 
assumes a submarine origin. 
Comparisons with the Alps. 
Although the geology of the region under discussion is as yet 
known only in broad outlines, it is permissible to conclude from 
the results of the inquiries of the last few years that the crustal 
movements bear some resemblance to those by which other curving 
alpine mountain ranges were built up, to witness the known over- 
thrusts in an outward direction everywhere in the Timor-Ceram 
curve and the adaptation of the folds to the shapes of the ““Vorland”. 
Additional data that are being collected, prove this resemblance to 
be beyond dispute. 
We know that the folded eurves of mountains of the Mediter- 
ranean region correspond to the geosynclinals accumulated by bathyal 
sediments in the mesozoic and in the beginning of the tertiary period. 
The jurassic and the cretaceous deposits reach a considerable 
thickness there, their horizontal extent is very large, fossils of the 
neritic zone are rare; all these characteristics are wanting in the 
generally little disturbed deposits of the same age outside the region 
of the alpine mountains. For the sake of comparison we point to 
the striking resemblance of the triassic to the jurassic and perhaps 
even younger deposits of the deep-sea, covering a vast extent in 
islands of the Timor-Ceram curve (Roti, Timor, Buru) which are 
situated far from each other, while different reasons justify the 
assumption that in that time an open sea connected the region of 
the East-Indian archipelago, the Himalaya and the Alps’). The in- 
vestigation of the permian fauna of Timor also teaches us that the 
Tethys geosynclinal extended already in permian time from the 
Mediterranean Sea to the region of our Archipelago and a conform- 
able succession of perm and trias seems to be the rule. The fact 
that permian deposits are as yet known only in the southern islands 
of the Timor-Ceram row of islands, goes to show that in that time 
the sea covered a smaller area in the eastern part of our Archipelago 
than in mesozoic time. 
In the Mediterranean region the hereynian crustal movements 
were no longer distinctly perceptible already towards the end of 
h J. J. H. Tea. On greenstones associated with radiolarian chert. Trans-Royal 
Geol. Soc of Cornwall 1894. 
*) G. A. PF, Morenoraarr. L'expédition néerlandaise à Timor en 1910—1912, 
Arch. Néerl, des Sciences exactes et nat. 1915, p. 395 seqg. 
