964 
an hour under modified conditions? Maximow thus demontraded that 
in the blood fluid with a slight change in properties the lympho- 
cytes assume the granulation and all the characteristics of the gra- 
nulated cells. The original account of Maximow is too brief to allow 
of any further particulars being gleaned from it. 
We believe that in the account which follows here we are offering 
a contribution by which likewise is shown, that in higher animals the 
blood lymphocytes can change into granulated cells. The results of this 
research may allow us to give some brief remarks on the biology of 
the white blood corpuscles in general. 
The research upon which this communication bears, was carried on as a 
continuation of the work of one of us!) who has kept himself busy for a long 
time with the vital characteristics (glycogen concentration, phagocytosis, amoeboid 
movement etc.) of the exudation leucocytes of the rabbit. Detailed accounts about 
these will appear elsewhere. Only the method by which these leucocyles were 
obtained may be mentioned here. For this purpose 200 ec. of NaCl 0,9°/, or of 
a corresponding fluid were injected all at once intraperitoneally into rabbits. The 
following day this injection was repeated and a few hours later by means of a 
troicart, the canule of which had a number of holes in its side, the exudation 
was drained from the abdominal cavity. This exudation was mostly present in 
quantities varying between 50—100 cc. (if necessary we rinsed with NaCl 0,9) 
and contained always a large number of leucocytes. It appeared now, that this 
exudation followed practically without exception upon injection with all kinds of fluids: 
NaCl 0,9 0/,, RrNGer-solution, ultrafiltrate of serum of different animals, ultra- 
fillrate or NaCl 0,9°/) diluted with blood serum of the serum of the rabbit. Even 
the fact ef working more or less with sterile precautions made little difference; 
an injection of sterile NaCl 0,9°/,, namely gave an exudation as well, while an 
agar culture of the fluid tapped off proved to be sterile. From this it was concluded 
that every slight change in the tissues gives rise to the formation of an exudation 
and to emigration of cells from the blood without it being necessary to accept for 
that reason the presence of special chemotactic substances, like f.i. the researches 
of Dorp?) attempt to prove. Also the addition of a small quantity of starch to 
the injection fluid, as was done at first in imitation of the well-known method for 
causing sterile exudations, proved to be wholly unnecessary. 
The exudation itself proved with the reagent of EsBACH contained, independant 
of a longer or shorter stay in the abdominal cavity, + 1,2—1,5°/, protein, and 
after it had been deproteinised it reduced FEHLINGS solution to a slight extent. 
The abdominal cavity of the rabbit normally contains fairly constantly a small 
quantity of fluid, at times a considerable amount. In this transsudate there are 
found only mononuclear cells, the so called macrophags, about the origin of 
which so many conflicting ideas existed and still exist. 
Introduction of 0,9°/) NaCl which up to this has been done as a rule only 
for the purpose of studying the resorptive functions of the endothelial cells of the 
internal cavities of the body, thus brings about a total change in the abdominal 
1) Vide J. pe HAAN, Archiv. Néerl. de Physiol., tome II, 4, p. 674 (1918). 
2) Vide Deutsch Arch. f. Klin. Med., 117, p. 206, (1915). 
