52 On Colonial Timber Trees. 



most useful- for making barrows, waggons, and all other 

 purposes requiring a light, tough wood. 



The Willows grow here as the old adage implies, " Grow 

 like a willow." This timber is useful for fencing, gates, 

 hurdles, chip-baskets, and a thousand other purposes. 



The Walnut thrives in deep soils, not too wet ; but, like 

 the oak and other trees with strong tap roots, should not 

 be transplanted. The nut should be set, and the tree allowed 

 to grow from the nut. The walnut timber is valuable for 

 furniture, gun-stocks, &c. 



The English Box appears to suit this climate, as it grows 

 freely and apparently as quickly as in England, where it is 

 of very slow growth ; but as the wood is much esteemed for 

 printers' use, and other purposes, it would pay probably for 

 growing. 



The Limes (Tilia Europcea) will doubtless thrive in some 

 situations, but they require a deep soil and moisture. The 

 timber is valuable, being the white wood of commerce, used 

 so much for coach-pannels, fancy boxes, &c. 



Many of the Pines and Firs seem to flourish here, and 

 are of rapid growth ; but the timber is not in each variety 

 equally valuable ; one of the most valuable, the Larch fir 

 (Larix Uuropcea), does not appear to thrive near Melbourne, 

 and should be tried on the snow-clad ranges in its native 

 conditions. 



There are other varieties of the pine and fir, the timber 

 of which is imported into this colony very extensively ; and 

 up to the present time it does not appear that any other 

 timber has been discovered which is so generally useful. 



The following are the timbers of commerce, which there 

 is little doubt would thrive well in many parts of this 

 colony. The greatest danger to the forests of such timber 

 would be fire, as all these timbers are highly charged with 

 turpentine. 



The Yellow Deal of Europe is produced by the Scotch 

 fir (Finns sylvestris) ; the white deal of Norway by the 

 Spruce fir (Abies excelsa); from the latter the scaffold- 

 poles and small masts are made ; and from the Larch the 

 best flooring-boards, &c. 



In Germany and Switzerland the Silver Fir (A bies picea) 

 is said to produce the largest amount of timber, and in Spain 

 the Finns pinaster. 



The most valuable pine timber of America is the pitch 

 pine (long leaved-Dine — Finns Australis) ; next, the yellow 



