Kinship. 161 



Ganowanian system or the Turanian, the sister of A is B's 

 wife, and therefore B's son is ^'s nephew. 



But A gives his daughter to the son of B, who is A's 

 nephew. 



The child of A's nephew therefore is the child of A's 

 daughter, and consequently A's grandchild by the mother's 

 side. 



All the other characteristics of the system are satisfactorily 

 accounted for by this theory. 



The simplest form of the tribal organisation, is the 

 division of the whole nation into two families, tribes, or 

 classes, which exchange their sons or their daughters ; and 

 this is doubtless the earliest form which the tribal organi- 

 sation assumed. Thus I am informed by Mr. D. Stewart, 

 that the tribe of Mount Gambler, South Australia, is divided 

 into two such classes, which are distinguished by the names 

 Kumite and Krokee for males, Kumite^or and Krokeeo^or for 

 females. Every man is either Kumite or Krokee, every 

 woman is either Kumitegor or Krokeegor. Kumite and 

 Kumitegor of the same generation are brother and sister, so 

 also with Krokee and Krokeegor. Kumite must always 

 marry Krokeegor, and Krokee Kumitegor. 



Mr. Chas. G. N. Lockhart, Commissioner of Crown Lands, 

 Wentworth, New South Wales, tells me in a most 

 interesting letter, that the Darling River tribes have the 

 following tradition : There was originally but one man. 

 This man had two wives, whose names were Kilpara a.nd 

 Mookwara. Kilpara's children were all Kilparas, so also are 

 all their descendants. Mookwara's children were all 

 Mookwaras, so also are all their descendants. A man may 

 not marry a woman of his own class. A Kilpara man must 

 always marry a Mookwara woman, and a Mookwara man a 

 Kilpara woman. Even in cases of forcible abduction, this 

 rule is strictly observed.* 



The Rev. R. H. Codrington, of the Melanesian Mission, 

 informs me that among the natives of Mota, an island of the 

 Banks group, there are two divisions called " veve," which 

 is the word for mother. "A man," says Mr. Codrington, 



* With the above-named gentlemen, and with several others who have 

 supplied me with valuable information, I was brought into communication 

 by means of a letter which was published in The Australasian ; and I most 

 gladly avail myself of this opportunity of publicly expressing my thanks to 

 the courteous gentleman who edits that paper for the aid which he has 

 afforded me, by admitting my letter into his columns, 



M 



