Skeleton of the Gorilla. 43 



foot 10 in. ; in gorilla, the tibia is 12 J in, the foot 12 in. ; in 

 macaque, the tibia 4 j in., foot 4J in. The Foot — The Tarsus 

 presents the following points for observation : The Os Calsis 

 is more slender than in man. The inner surface is more 

 curved, the lesser process projects more inwardly, and both 

 outer and under surfaces are more arched. The Astragalus 

 is oTooved both by the tendon of the flexor longus pollicis, 

 and by that of the flexor longus digitoruin. In man, it is 

 grooved for the flexor longus pollicis alone. Passing by 

 other points, which time will not allow of noticing, we ar- 

 rive at the Internal Giineiforiin bone, and here we see, as in 

 macaque, a change in harmony with all that has gone before ; 

 the surface which aiiiculates with the great toe or hind 

 thumb, as near as possibly resembles the surface of the 

 trapeziwiu which supports the thumb of man ; thus, putting 

 the fore arm and hand in the same position as the 

 leg and foot, I can describe the aii:iculating surface of 

 both the internal cuneiforin bone and trapezium in 

 nearly the same terms. And with reference to the median 

 line of the skeleton, say that it looks inwards, and is 

 partially concave from above downwards, convex from side 

 to side, and supports a movable and opposable thumb. 

 Such a description would not suit the corresponding bone in 

 man. Finally, of the Phalanges. — Each con-esponds in 

 development with that of the hand of man, gorilla, and 

 macaque, none agreeing with the corresponding toe of man. 

 I have elsewhere shown that the muscles of these hind 

 fingers and thumb agTee with those of the hand, and not 

 with those of the foot of man. The following table renders 

 this clear. The letters prefixed to the numerals express the 

 relative lengths of the digits, a being the longest, h the next, 

 and e the shortest : — • ' 



MAN. 



(No. 1.) 



Hand. 



mtscles of. 

 e. First digit, opponens. 



c. Second digit, abductor, adductor. 

 a. Third digit, two abductors. 



h. Fourth digit, abductor, adductor. 



d. Fifth digit, adductor, opponens. 



