52 



JOUENAL OF HOETICULTtJBE AND COTTAGE GAEDENEB. 



[ July 20, 187L 



stems are objects of sufficient interest to lead us to ask for 

 them the reader's attention. — E. P. W. — (Nature.) 



NEW EDITION. 

 The New MetTwd of Growing Fruit. By the Eev. Joks Fouh- 

 TATNE. Third Edition, maoh enlarged. " Journal of Horti- 

 culture " Office. 



Feom the fact that this pamphlet of Mr. Fountayne's has 

 leached a third and enlarged edition, it would appear that his 

 2iew method of growing fruit by a " combination of vinery, 

 •orchard house, and conservatory, by which Grapes, stone fruit, 

 and flowers may be grown together in perfection in the same 

 ■iouse," has met with a considerable amount of favour with 

 the public. We have seen the house erected by Mr. Fountayne 

 in the Eoyal Horticultural Society's garden at Chiswiek, where 

 -svery attention has been given to it by Mr. Barron, and we can 

 affirm that under his management there is not only a house of 

 healthy and unusually vigorous Vines, but a moving platform 

 •of fruit trees in pots, which would do credit to any establish- 

 anent. Those who wish to see this new system of Mr. Foun- 

 tayne's in full operation should pay a visit to the Society's 

 igarden at Chiswiek. 



*' We've known, too, a good many 



Idlers wbo said, 

 * I've a right to my living, 



The Wurld owes me bread 1' 

 A right, lazy labher ! 



A thoasaDd times No ! 

 'Tis his, end his only. 



Who hoes iiis own row." 



WHY AND HOW A CABBAGE HEADS. 



All plants have an aptitude and inherent capacity for storing 

 ■up supplies of plant-food for future use. Among the annuals 

 the growth is so rapid that this tendency is not so perceptible. 

 "The biennials and perennials show it in various ways ; some- 

 times it is in the thickened root, sometimes in the rhizome, 

 i.he bulb, or the tuber, but oftenest in the buds. Preparation 

 ■feeing thus made for the future, there is a period of rest more 

 •or less extended ; then follows a rapid growth — inflorescence, 

 maturing of the seed, and exhaustion. Among the perennial 

 ■and woody plants this is done towards autumn in the form of 

 buds, and it is here I find the explanation of the Cabbage- 

 iieading process. 



A bud as it stands in winter on the tree, with its compact 

 -Jolds of leaves and shortened axis, is only a small head ; and 

 -3 Cabbage head is only a large bud with compact leaves and 

 shortened axis, resting for a period and accumulating starch 

 and other plant-food for the supply of the flowering process 

 and ripening of seeds. It is perhaps a universal law in all 

 ■vegetation which is prolonged for any time, that the collecting 

 and storing-up of plant-food takes place preparatory to the 

 exhaustive process of maturing eeeds. The Turnip, Beet, &e.. 

 Store theirs in the root ; the Cauliflower in the flower-stems ; 

 some do it in the thickened leaves, but the most common 

 mode is by buds. 



The Cabbage, after growing for a certain period, begins to 

 'form its "bud," and, as in other cases, there is a shortening of 

 "the axis of growth so as to compress into the bud the embryo 

 -of the future inflorescence. Starchy matter accumulates, and 

 other peculiar compounds are elaborated, the leaves become 

 blanched by exclusion from light, and it becomes a hard solid 

 hud. After a certain period of rest anew growth commences, 

 ihe axis elongates rapidly, inflorescence takes place, and as the 

 process goes on the leaves become green from exposure to 

 light, and finally flaccid and exhausted. The same process 

 "iakes place in spring time in the bursting of every bud, and 

 ■the rapid growth and elongation of the axis. The bud and 

 the " head " are the same process taking place under different 

 conditions of growth. — {American Gardener's Monthly ) 



" HoE youB OWN Bow" is our only reply to "A Tocnq 

 Gaedenek " who writes complaining, " The foreman gives me 

 iiarder work than to the other two, and I know that I could do 

 the lighter jobs better than they." 



"If you want to have riches. 

 And want to have friends. 

 Don't trample the meaDS down, 



And look for the ends ; 

 Ent always remember. 



Wherever you go. 

 The -wisdom of practising 



Hoe your own row 1 

 *' A good many workers 



We've known in our time — 

 Some builders "f houses, 



Some builders of rhyme I 

 And they that were prospered, 



Were prospered, we know. 

 By the intent and meaning of 



Hoe your own row I 



NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 

 The Eev. B. T. Lowne. ME.C.S., read a paper at the 

 meeting of the Society of Biblical Arcbfeilogy, July 4th, on 

 THE Flora of Palestine. He considered that it comprised 

 eight distinct elements, four of the dominant existing floras of 

 Soulhern Europe, Eussian Asia, North Africa, and that of 

 Arabia and North-western India. Each of these floras was 

 stated to occupy a distinct region of the country. Interspersed 

 with these are found numerous examples of plants belongiog to 

 paljearctic Europe, constituting its fifth element. The Arctic 

 flora of Hermon and Lebanon constitutes the sixth. Mr. 

 Lowne thought further that the Cedars of the Lebanon and 

 the Papyrus of the Jordan lakes were the remnants of two 

 ancient and almost extinct floras belonging to two distinct 

 geological periods. Mr. James Collins read a paoer On the 

 Gums, Peefuiies, and Eesins iiENTioNED IN THE Bible, parti- 

 cularly pointing out the fact that few of them were indigenous 

 to Palestine, and that many have been wrongly named by the 

 Greek and later botanists. In the course of bis observations 

 Mr. Collins detailed the characteristic differences between the 

 true and false Balm of Gilead, Lidannm, S-indal-wood, &e., 

 and the greater or less efficacy of their medicinal properties. 

 Mr. Lowne and Mr. Collins brought for exhibition a large 

 number of mounted specimens, and a complete collection ol 

 gums, perfumes, &o., to illustrate their respective papers. — 

 [Xature.] 



WOKE FOR THE WEEK. 



kitchen 6JEDEN. 



Let as large a piece of ground as can be spared be thoroughly 

 trenched and heavily dressed with manure, to receive the latest 

 crop of CauUJlowers, which must be planted without delay. 

 This crop will prove the most useful of the season, and with 

 care in taking up the heads when ready, and hanging them in 

 a dry shed, it may be made to afford a supply from the end of 

 October till January. The Walcheren Broccoli or Cauliflower 

 is considered the best for this purpose, as, in fact, it is tor all 

 other plantings; it grows more compact, its foliage affords 

 better protection to the head than that of the other sorts, being 

 of a more cup-like habit, and it does not open so soon when 

 hung up. Make a plantation of Grange's Broccoli to sncoeed 

 the above. M-ke a good sowing of Lettuces now for autumn 

 use, as also of Endiv2 and small Salads. Care must be bestowed 

 on gathering and drying the various sorts of Herhs in request 

 by the family, choose a dry day, pull or cut them just as the 

 bloom begins to expand, and spread them thinly in a dry shed, 

 which is preferable to drying them in the sun ; when dry they 

 can be tied in convenient bundles and hung in their winter 

 quarters. Stake the late crops of Peas with care, and in the 

 case of the Victoria Pea stop the shoots when as high as the 

 stakes. Pay general attention to all advancing crops, stirring 

 the surface of the soil, and earthing-np such as require it. 

 Pinch the points out of shoots of Tomatoes, and keep them 

 properly nailed up. 



fkuit gabden. 



Strawberry plantations which are to stand to bear another 

 crop must have superfluous runners cut away between the rows, 

 and all weeds carefully removed, but on no account let any of 

 the foliage be cut away at this season, as is sometimes prac- 

 tised. A more improper mode of culture cannot be conceived 

 than that of cutting off every leaf to the earth as soon as the 

 plants have done bearing. Net Morello Cherries to preserve 

 them for autumn use. Currants and Gooseberries should have 

 all the watery, useless shoots thinned out. 



FLOWER GAEDEN. 



Attend to greenhouse plants now placed out of doors. See 

 that worms do not effect an entry into the pots and close the 

 drainage ; attend to the routine of tying, stopping, and other 

 details. Pinks and Cloves may now be layered, and a stock of 

 cuttings of Scarlet Geraniums put in. It is the fashion in 

 most gardens of the present day to introduce rusticwork to a 

 great extent for seats, arbours, flower baskets, &c. I question 

 the propriety of using bark and rods for vases. I always wiah 



