October 26, 1871. ] 



JOUBNAL OF HOBTXCULTDBE AND COTTAGE GABDENEK. 



315 



of September, show 2,656,673 baskets carried, and about a 

 million were sent by water. The net prices returned to the 

 grower are estimated at 35 cents per basket, so that the crop 

 has brought into the peninsula this year over 1,225,000 dollars ; 

 and counting consumption at home, a fair statement would be 

 very nearly a million and a half dollars. 



PEAS FOR SUCCESSION.— No. 1. 



" What varieties should I sow to obtain the longest sucoea- 

 sion of Peas, and when should I sow them ?" These are ques- 

 tions which can only be satisfactorily answered by advising for 

 both large and small gardens, for Peas differ considerably in 

 height. 



Peas foe Laege Gaedens. — In these there is nothing to pre- 

 vent tall as well as dwarf varieties being grown, for sticks may 

 generally be procured with less difficulty and cost than in small 

 gardens. In the latter, especially if near a town, Pea sticks 

 are scarcely to be had for money — indeed, I have paid for sticks 

 as much as the crop was worth ; and in such cases it is desirable 

 to dispense with sticks as much as possible by choosing kinds 

 of Peas that will do with little or no support. I may remark 

 that I do not believe in Peas that require no sticks. Those 

 which I receive as growing only 1 foot high attain twice that 

 height, and when unsupported produce one-half the crop which 

 the same kinds do when staked. I may be told my ground is 

 too rich. Nothing can be grown well without manure. Except 

 for the early varieties — a few to come in early — the ground can- 

 not be too rich. I manure heavily because I must crop heavily, 

 and yet my soil shows no evidence of having had too much 

 manure. Just pointing in a quantity of manure soon renders 

 the surface soapy ; and though everything sown or planted may 

 be stimnlated for a while, yet when the roots pass beyond that 

 the time of trial begins ; for dry hot weather sets in, growth 

 comes to a standstill, and grubs innumerable, with mildew, 

 make sad havoc of the crops. Manure heavily, dig deeply, and 

 the crops will in general be satisfactory both in quantity and 

 quality. The varieties of Peas are extremely numerous, and 

 most of them have been useful in some soils and localities, or 

 for some particular purpose. I therefore do not assert that 

 those which I shall name are the best of all to equal them, but 

 with me they have proved so. 



Dillistone's Early, or Dickson's First and Best. — Heiglit 3 feet. Sow 

 from the 5th to the 10th of November on a warm south border ; on 

 the 10th of December also on a warm border ; and again, if the ground 

 is in good order, on the loth of February ; or, if the weather is very 

 wet or frosty, on the 5th of March in an open situation. The Peas 

 ought all to have a little soil drawn to them when 2 inches high, and 

 be sticked. This applies to all Peas, but those on the south or warm 

 borders should be sticked as soon as above-ground, putting in rather 

 thickly the leafiegs spray of the Spruce Fir about a foot high, and 

 staking fully afterwArds. Also sow on the 5th and 15th .July. 



Laston's Supreme. — 6 feet. Sow March 5th, March 15th, and 

 March 25th. 



Eastes' Kentish Invicta. — i feet. Sow March 5th and 15th, July 

 5th and 15th. 



Chauipion of England. — 6 feet. Sow March 15th and 25th, April 

 5th and 15th. 



Fortyfold.— 6 feet. Sow March 15th and 25th ; April 6th, 15th, 

 and 25th ; May 5th. 



Premier (Maclean's). — 1 feet. Sow Apiil 5th, 15th, and 25th; 

 May 5th and 15th. 



Veitch's Perfection. — 3i feet. Sow April 25th; May 5th, 15th, 

 and 25th. 



Hairs's Dwarf Green Mammoth. — 3 feet. Sow May 15th and 25th ; 

 June 5th, 15th, and 25th. 



Yorkshire Hero. — 3 feet. Sow May 25th ; June 5th, 15th, and 25th ; 

 and July 5th. 



Ne Plus Ultra.— 7 feet. Sow May 15th and 25th ; June 5th, 15th, 

 and 25th ; and July 5th and 15th. 



Under ordinary cultivation and in general seasons the Peas 

 will be fit to gather the first week in June or earlier in the 

 south ; but I am in the north, and the beginning of June is 

 about the time to expect to have Peas north of the Humber. 

 There will be no break in the supply from early in June to 

 early in October, and after that all depends on the weather. I 

 have gathered a dish of Ne Plus Ultra on December 21st at a 

 place nearly 500 feet above the sea level in Yorkshire. I have 

 now (October 16tb), Veitch's Perfection, Hairs's Dwarf lilam- 

 moth, and Yorkshire Hero with fine well-filled pods, and Ne 

 Plus Ultra that shows blossoms as well as pods. ■ They are in 

 an open spot, where the east and west winds cannot cut nor 

 knock them about, which is ruinous to Peas, especially late ones. 



I think we shall have an acquisition in the Pea called Wonder 



of the World ; it appears to stand autumn wet and cold well. 

 It is evidently another Ne Plus Ultra. 



The accompanying table will show at a glance the times of 

 sowing : — 



Dickson's First anci 

 Best 



Eastes' Kentish In- 

 victa 



Laxton'a Supreme 



Cljarapion of Eng- 

 land 



Fortyfold 



Maclean's Premier 



Veitch's Perfection 



Dwarf Green Mam- 

 moth 



Yorkshire Hero 

 (Dixon'p) 



NePlus Ultra 



G. M. 



G.W.M 

 G.W.M 

 G.W.M 

 G.W.M 



G.W.M 



15 

 15,25 



, 15. 25 

 15,25 



5.15 

 5, 15, 25 

 5, 15, 25 

 25 



15 

 15,25 



15, 25 



25 

 15, 25 



, 15, 25 

 , 15, 25 



5,15 



5 

 5,15 



^^ Wliite ; B., Blue; G. m., Green Marrow; G. w. ll., Green Wrinkled Marrow. 



The above sowings would at first sight 'appear excessive, but 

 the tutumu and first spring sowing of Dickson's First and Best, 

 Kentish Invicta, and Laxton'a Supreme are quart sowings, all 

 the others pints. So that we require of Dickson's First and 

 Best, 4 qts. ; Kentish Invicta. 2J qts. ; Laxton'a Supreme, 

 2 qts. ; Champion of England, 2 qts. ; Fortyfold, 3 qts. ; Pre- 

 mier, 2i qts.; Perfection, 2 qts.; Dwarf Green Mammoth, 

 2i qts. ; Yorkshire Hero, 2i qts. ; and Ne Plus Ultra, S^ qts., 

 equal to 26.} qts., a sufficient seediog for a garden of two acres. 

 A quart of early Peas will sow a row 36 yards, or 108 feet, and 

 a quart of late or general crop 50 yards, or 150 feet. The dis- 

 tance between the rows is fully that which each variety attains 

 in height. 



It will be seen from the table that the aim is to make sure 

 of a thorough first, midseason, and late supply, by frtquent 

 sowings, using also different varieties to insure a constant 

 succession. My aim in growing Peas is to give enough to 

 satisfy at first, and never to be without them. I remember 

 a rather good tale of an Archbishop of York who was very 

 partial to Orach. It happened that the gardener ran short of 

 it, and the kitchen-server took in small dishes. His Grace 

 ordered it twice a-day, and the kitchen-server was at his wits' 

 end — there were only two small dishes left. He very properly 

 consulted the head gardener, who directed him to send it all in 

 at once — all he could find, and if the cook or anyone aaked 

 him if there was any more, to give them answer, " Cartloadr," 

 After the midday meal a messenger was dispatched to the 

 gardener by his Grace to inquire if there were any more Orach, 

 and got his answer, " Cartloads ;" which, being told his Grace, 

 he sent word to the cook, not until he again ordered to send in 

 any more Orach. It is upwards of a century since this occurred, 

 and it is true in principle to-day, and those just entering on 

 the responsible charge of a garden will do well to " always 

 make semblance of abundance of everything, and never ask a 

 cook to be careful." — G. Abbey. 



SEDUM FABAPJ-A. 



I AM glad that Mr. Becord has called attention to this plant, 

 which deserves all he says in its favour, being, without excep- 

 tion, one of the best vase plants which I know, as hardy as the 

 common Houseleek, and, like it, succeeding either with water 

 or without it in the driest and hottest weather. We have 

 some plants of it in vases not easy of access, and they have 

 not been watered for many days, nay even tor weeks together, 

 and they did not appear to suffer in the least. The spreading 

 uniform habit of the plant is all that can be desired in such 

 places, it withstands wind and weather of all kinds, and al- 

 though it flourishes in sunshine, it does well in the shade. 

 Certainly its greatest defect is being late in flowering, but when 

 once out, the flowers remain fresh a long time,- both in beds 

 and vases, for I have had it for some years in both, and I do 

 not think I have ever lost a plant. A bed of it at the present 

 time (October 13tb) is about one of the best we have ; it is an 

 oval bed, 14 feet by 9, and was planted in the spring of 1869 

 (other plants were out many year's before that), but those 

 in the bed referred to grew up and flowered with as much 

 regularity as could be desired. The bed is slightly raised in 

 the centre ; the flowers of the Sedum present the same out- 

 line, while the edging enhances the beauty of the whole. The 

 edging is the dark ornamental Beet, which is employed in so 



