November 2, 1871. ] 



JOURNAL OF HOETICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENEE. 



349 



NoEwicH (GreeB).— Teiioic— 1, R. Henson. 2, J. Bennett. S, C. Marson 

 JBu#.— 1, E. Orme. 2. H. Hntchinson. 



lAZiBD.— Golden-spangled.— 1, W. Shenvin. 2, A. tjfton. S, S. Cliolerton. 

 Silver-spangled.— 1, S. Bunting. 2, A. TJtton. 3, H. Macconnell, Derby, tic, W. 

 Sherwin. , ,„ r-, 



CrxNA3i0N.— Jonguc — 1, E- Coke. 2, S. Bnntine. Mealy.— 1, VT. Sheivm. 

 2, S. Banting. 3, H. Hutchinson. Variegated or Marked Jonque.—l, E. Coke. 

 2, H. Hutchinson. S. S. Bunting, c, A. Kuight. Variegated or Marked Mealy. 

 — 1, E. Coke. 2, S. Bunting. 3. A. Knight. 



Goldfinch Mxnx. — JonqiLe.—\, 3. Durance. Mealy.— \, W. Shenvin. Dark 

 Jonque.—l, R. Nash. 2, H. Hutcliinson. 3, W. Sherwin. 



l,j.\NET Mule,— 1, S. Bunting. 2, H. Hutchinson. 3, S. Smith. 



MtjLE (Any other variety).—!, J. Dui-ance. 



OPEN CLASSES. , „ 



NoEwicH.-Ckar Yellow.— 1 and 2. E. Orme, Derby, he, W. Walter, Wm- 

 chester. c, 3. Audley, Leicester. Ci«ar BuW.—\, E. Hensen. 2, W. Walter. 

 Jic, J. Marshall, c. W. Meakin. 



NOEWICH.— il/arfeed Yellow.— I, E. Orme. 2. G. Fisher, he, PrOBser & Wood. 

 •C.W.Walter. Marked Buff.— I, G-liihir. 2, E. Orme. Ac, D. Audley. c, W. 

 Doyle. _ 



NoEwicH— Fariejated Yellow.— \, W. Jerram^ Nottingham. 2, S. Tomes, 

 Northampton, c, E. Whitaker, Darley. Variegated. Buff.—l, W. Meakin. 

 % W. Walter, he, J. Stokes, c, W. Doyle, Nottingham. 



N9EWICH.— reJioio Crested.— \, T. Keys. 2, W. Sherwin. he, Prosser and 

 Wood, e, J. Mann, Burton-on-Trent. Buff Crested.— \, W. Meakin. 2 and 

 -c, J. Hurrell, Bishopwearmouth. he, J. Bennett. 



BEI.G14M.— Ctea?- Yellmo.—\, 3. N. Harrison, Belper. 2 and he, 3. Turner, 

 Birmingham. Clear Buff.—l, T. Dove, Sntton-in-Ashfleld. 2 and he, 3. Turner. 

 ■c, J. Close. 



Belgian.— Ufarfced or Variegated Yellow.— 1, 3. Turner. 2, J. N. Harrison. 

 lie, 3. Close. Marked or Variegated Buff.—l, T. Dove. 2, J. Turner, he, 3. 

 Close. 



IjlZiSD.—SilveT-spannled.—l, 3. N. Harrison. 2, S. Bunting. 



GoLBPixcH Mule.- Jongue. — 1, S. Bunting. 2, E. Stansfield. Bradford. 

 Ac, J. N.Harrison. Jlfcaii/.—l, ■??. Smith, Birmingham. 2, A. Wortley. ftc, E. 

 Stanlield. 



Goldfinch.— 1, J. N. Harrison. 2, T. Keys, he, S. Bunting. 



Linnet.— 1, J. N. Harrison. 2, S. Bunting, he, T. Keys. 



Judges. — Canaries : Mr. G. Moore, Northampton, Mr. E. Bemrose, 

 3Ir. G. Goodwin. Bantams : Mr. G. A. Crewe, Etwall. 



MIDDLESBROUGH ORNITHOLOGICAL SHOW. 



This took place on the STth and •2Sth of October, the place of 

 exhibition being the Town Hall, Middlesbrough. 



Belgian.- Ciear Yelloic.-l. W. Bulmer, Stockton. 2, Stephens &. Leeke, 

 Jliddlesbrough. 3 and he, R. Robinson, Middlesbrough, c, J. Calvert. Clear 

 Xuff.—l, R. Robinson. 2, W. Bulmer. S, T. Fawcett, Baildon, Leeds, he, W. 

 Appleton, Marten, c, 3. N. Harrison, Belper. Ticked or Variegated. — 1 and 

 S, R. Robinson. 3 and he, W. Needier, c, P. Rawnsley, Ledget Green, Bradford. 



NoEWica. — Clear Yellow. — 1 and2, Adams & Athersnch, Spon End, Coventry. 

 3, J. Clemison, Darlington, he and c, Moore &. Wynne, Northampton. Clear 

 Buff.—l, Wallace & Beloe, Hide Hill, Berwick-on-Tweed. 2, Moore & Wynne. 

 3 and he, Adams & Athersuch. c. Smith & Preen, Coventry. 



HoR-ivjcs.—Evenlii-vmrked Tellow.—l and 2, Adams &. Athersuch. 3, Moore 

 andWj-nne. 7ic. R. Ha wman, Middlesbrough, c, C. Greenwood, Scarborough. 

 Ji:i'enly-7tiarked Buff. — 1 and 3. Adams & Athersuch. 2 and c, Wallace & Beloe. 

 lie, W. & C. Bumiston, Middlesbrough. 



HoRVncH.— Ticked or Unevenly-marked Yellow. — 1, E. Simpson. 2. J. W. 

 Frankland, Whitby. 3, Moore & Wynne, he, Adams & Athersuch. c, Wallace 

 and Beloe. Ticked or Unevenly-marked Buff.— l,lTahoS & Chapman, Coventry. 

 2, Adams & Alhersuch. 3, J. Clemison. ftc & c, Moore & Wynne. 



NoE^TcH Ceest.— 1, M. Ring. 2, S. Tomes, Northampton. 3, Wallace and 

 Beloe. Tic, W. Bulmer. c, Moore & Wynne. 



CoppY Ceest.— 1, Stephens & Leeke. 2 and 3, W. Cotton, Middlesbrough. 

 he, P. Rawnsley. c, L. Belk, Dewsbury. 



Jj1zab.d.— Golden-spangled.— \ and 2, Smith & Preen. 3. J. Taylor, Middles- 

 brough, /ic, M. Holrovd, Great Horton. c, R. Ritchie. Silrer-?pangled—lani 

 2, Smith & Preen. 3, /iC, and c, R.Ritchie, Darlington. Gold or Silver-spangled, 

 mith Broken Cap. — 1, J. Calvert, Middlesbrough. 2, Fairclough ii Howe, 

 Middlesbrough. S and c, R. Ritchie, he, M. Barton. 



CiNNAiloN.— Jonguc— 1, G Gavton, Northampton. 2, Wallace & Beloe. 3. S. 



Tomes. 7ic, Moore & Wynne, c^ J.N. Harrison. Uu^.—l, E. Simpson, Whitby. 



2.3. Tomes. 3, G. Cos," Northampton, he, Moore & Wynne, c, Wallace and 



JBeloe. Buff or Yellow Variegated.— 1, X. Craggs, Stockton. 2, M. Holroyd, 



Stevens & Leeke Tic, Moore "& Wynne, c, L. Belk. 



YoBKSHiRE.— Clear Yellow. — 1,'T. Fawcett. 2, P. Rawnsley. 3, W. & C. 

 Bumiston, Middlesbrongh. he, 3. Cooper, Middlesbrough, c, J. Rowland, 

 Skelton. C/ea?- i3[(i?".—l, J. Baldwin. 2, J. Garbutt, Yarm. 3, J. Greenfield. 

 ihc, 3. Cooper, c, T. Fawcett. 



ToBKSHiRE. — Evenly-marked Yellow.— 1, R, Hawman. 2 and 3. Stevens and 

 Leeke. he, T. Tenniswood. Middleshroagh. c, P. Rawnsley. Evenly-marked 

 -Buff.—l, E. Hawman, Middlesbrough. 2 and he, Stevens & Leeke. 3, L. Belk. 

 c, E. Robinson. Ticked or Unevenly-marked —1, L. Belk. 2 and 3, J. Garbutt. 

 he, J. Rowland, c, E. Graham, Middlesbrough. 



GEEEN.— C!«ar.—l.W.Seargeant, Skelton. 2 and 3, Stevens & Leeke. ftc,W. 

 jjawson, Skelton, Marske-bv-the Sea. c, J. Rowland. 



Goldfinch MDl.E.—Eye;i7y-7narfred.— 1, Stevens & Leeke. 2, L Belk. 3, W. 

 Needier, Hull, he, 3. Spence, New Hendon, Sunderland, c, P. Rawnsley. 

 -Dark— 1, Moore & Wynne. 2, T. Tenniswood. 8 and he, Stevens & Leeke. 

 c, 3. Taylor. 



Linnet Mule.— Fdrit'Taffrf.-l, J. Spence. , 2 and 3, Stevens & Leeke. hcW. 

 ■Chalk. Dark.—l, W. & C. Bnmiston. 2, W. Nichol. 3, J. Harris, he, 3. 

 Clasby, South Stockton, c, J. Spence. 



Goldfinch Moulted.— 1, J.N. Harrison. 2, T. Allenby, Crossgate, Durham. 

 3, T. Tenniswood. he, 3. Davenay, Walker Fonld, Enaresborough. c, Stevens 

 .and Leeke. 



Beown Linn-et Moulted. — 1, W. Carrick, Middlesbrough. 2, W. Nichol, 

 Middlesbrough. 3, E. Robinson, he. T. Neilson, Stockton, c, 3. N. Harrison. 



Ant othee Vaeiety of Beitish Bied,- 1, W. & C. Bumiston. 2, R. Robin- 

 son. 3, E. Graham. )ic. G. Cox. Northampton, c G. Smith, Middlesbrough. 



Selling Class.-!, G. Garbutt. Broughton. 2, Wallace & Beloe. S, W. &C. 

 Bnrmston. he, W. Hntton, Baildon, Leeds, c, Fairclough & Howe, Middles- 

 brongh. 



Judge.— Mr. T. Clark, Sunderland. 



and the largest fat os that take the premium. Economy of 

 fattening, or the process of production, is seldom inquired after. 



The same had, taste is likely to affect the decisions in our 

 poultry shows, unless the managers insist upon a more whole- 

 some standard. A large, well-developed hird of maximum size 

 is desirable ; a monster is not, for any conceivable purpose, 

 except to excite wonder and draw the crowd. We raise potiltry 

 chiefly for the table. What the producer wants in his stock is 

 good quality of flesh, early maturity, and capacity to make the 

 most flesh out of a given amount of food. A Tm-key weighing 

 15 lbs. is just as good for the table as one weighing 30; and 

 most housekeepers would prefer them under 12 lbs. In most 

 markets the lighter weights would bring the higher price. It is 

 only in the region of large hotels and boarding-houses that the 

 very large birds bring an extra price. For what object, then, do 

 we want large breeding birds, and how large do we want them ? 

 It takes about three years for a Turkey to attain his largest 

 weight. If at twelve months a gobbler reach 30 lbs. live weight, 

 at two j'ears he would reach 35, and at three years 40, or a little 

 more. But it is rare to get a male bird above 40 lbs., and then 

 it is generally by some process of stuffing that destroys his 

 stamina and ofttimes hislife. This weight is excelled sometimes ; 

 but about the time one thinks he is almost sure of a forty-five 

 pounder, the prodigy sickens and dies. 



It may be assumed, then, that 40 lbs. is about the limit to 

 which a vigorous Turkey cock may be safely carried, and from 

 half to two-thirds of that weight is the last safe limit for the 

 hens. With breeders of this size, and a little under, we should 

 get large strong chicks, that wUl economise food, and mature 

 earlier than the offspring of common-sized birds. No bird 

 yields more quickly to treatment than the Turkey. The influ- 

 ence of a largQ.-sized gobbler in a flock is immediately visible in 

 the increased size of the chicks. The introduction of wild blood 

 increases the hardiness of the young, a larger proportion of the 

 eggs will hatch, and a much larger number of young will he 

 likely to grow up. With a little painstaking it is quite easy to 

 breedto any desired shade of plumage. — (American Agriculturist.) 



Cambkidge Poultry Show. — This is well worthy of the atten- 

 tion of exhibitors, for besides the prizes there are twelve pieces 

 of plate to be won, five of which are for Pigeons, and one for 

 Kabbits. We regret that the Committee commit the error of 

 having the Dorking prizes for "any variety." What chance 

 have the White against the Coloured ? 



LARGE TURKEYS AND TURKEY BREEDING. 



A passion for extra size is one of the weaknesses of the Ameri^ 

 can mind. In the decisions given at otir fairs, weight is no- 

 only an important item, but the one thing needful. In a scale 

 of one hundred points weight would be the equivalent of fifty, in 

 the minds of most judges. It is the big swine, the big pumpkin. 



A GOSSIP ABOUT BEES IN NEW ZEALAND. 



I FANCY I am beginning to advance a little in apiarian lore. 

 For the last fourteen years I have never been without a good 

 stock of bees, and I am happy to state that I keep gaining con- 

 siderable knowledge about them from year to year by only pay- 

 ing them a very moderate amount of attention. 



Bees here have few enemies, mice being those only of which 

 I have any knowledge ; nor have I ever discovered any disease 

 amongst my stock, which consists generally of three swarms 

 annually from each hive. I attribute this part of my snccess 

 to allowing nature, with very little assistance from art, to 

 have its own way. I also find that a free circulation of air all 

 round each hive is as important for the sanitary condition of 

 the bees as for that of the cottage here. Occasionally with me 

 two casts will unite of their own accord when swarming. This 

 occurred this season, and I have had to provide them a house 

 in proportion. 



When we harvest onr honey annually we make several large 

 casks of mead for use in-doors through the winter. Some of 

 the beeswax has already been sent for disposal to England by 

 one of our merchants. I find the best-provided stocks for the 

 winter are the greatest robbers of their neighbours. When 

 this happens I generally use a blockade all round the hive to 

 prevent further depredations. The thieves then, finding they 

 cannot obtain admission, cease in a few days to be troublesome, 

 and leave the weaker swarm alone. Early and late seasons 

 have a great deal to do with swarming here. Our bees have 

 some very severe weather to contend with occasionally during 

 the spring months, but they are never short of food all the 

 winter if they dare leave the hive in the middle of the day to 

 procure it — gorse hedges, broom, i-e.', in full flower for them 

 to work at. I find the best way is, if practicable, wherever the 

 swarm settles — for it is generally in a warm, sheltered, sunny 

 place — to hive the bees on the spot, which invariably seems to 

 suit them with me after the wedding trip or excursion is over. 

 We hive our bees in boxes, which I place on the ground. If 



