388 



JOURNAL OF HOKTICULTUKE AND COTTAGE GAEDENEK. 



t Xovember 16, 1871. 



Snaith, West Anckland p): E. Stansfield (-2). Dark. — l, Moore & WyIme- 

 2 and 3. E. Stansfield. ftc. T. Tenniswood ; H. Winter; J. Taylor; Moore and 

 Wynne ; Stevens & Leeke. c, J. Goode ; J. T. Harrison. 



Mule (Any other Variety).— 1, E. Stansfield (Ballfinch and Goldfinch). 2 and 

 3. Stevens A: Leek, he, T. Snaith (Linnet); J. T. Harrison (Greenfinch and 

 Goldfinch), c, T. Snaith (Linnet); W. & C. Bnmiston (Linnetj ; Layfield and 

 Ellerton (Siskin); W. J. Stewart, Darlington (Siskin). 



CLE.iH Greex.— I, Stevens & Leek. 2, W. Robson. he, Layfield & Ellerton. 



Goldfinch. — 1, T. Tenniswood. 2. J. N. Harrison, he, Stevens & Leeke ; J. 

 Goode ; T. Fawcett e. J. Taylor ; W. Robson. 



LixxET (Brown).— 1, W. Robson. 2, J. N. Harrison, he, T. Snaith ; T. Tennis- 

 wood ; Fairclonjrh & Howe ; W. & C. Bomiston ; R. Robinson, c, Fairclough 

 and Howe ; W. Carrick, Middlesbrongh ; J. Hindle, Darlington. 



BrLLFrs-cH.— 1, J. H. Dosser. 2, T. Allenby. he, J. Cleminson. e, W. & C. 

 Burniston : R. Robinson. 



AxY OTHER Variety. — British Bird. — 1. T. Swinbnme, jun. (Thrnsh). 2, Cox 

 and Hi'lier (Yellowhammer). lie, W. & C. Bnmiston (White Linnet); R. 

 Robinson (Variegated Linnet), c, P. Seaton (.Jackdaw); J. Hindle (Skylark). 

 Foreinn Bird^. — 1 and 2, R. Iddison (Love and Weaver Birds). 



Parrot. — 1. W. Thompson. Darlington. 2, W. Hodgson, c, J. Bradley, Dar- 

 lington ; K, Moses ; J. Elenkinsop. 



Judge. — Mr. G. J. Barnesby, Derby. 



RABBITS AT THE YORKSHIRE SOCIETY'S 



SHOW. 



The eehedule issued this year is, perhaps, one of the most 

 liberal and varied ever presented to exhibitors. The Lops are 

 divided into six classes, and the other varieties into five, ex- 

 clusive of the Selling class. All pens are for single Kabbits, 

 which we much prefer. Two pieces of plate are given, one for 

 the best Lop, the other for the best of any of the other six 

 varieties which will be found there. The whole of the varieties 

 of the Babbits known in the county will be there, we donbt 

 not, and each have a class and chance of a prize. The entry 

 fee is moderate, and the prizes liberal. The Judges are well 

 known for their knowledge of the varied points of excellence. 

 The Committee are working hard to insure success. No entries 

 can be made after the 16th inst. 



ENTRANCE FEES. 



As a member of a committee for the carrying out of a poultry 

 show I cannot allow the letter of Mr. John Cjokroft upon entry 

 fees to pass without notice, otherwise exhibitors might con- 

 clude that the committees of many ponltty pho^s were pass- 

 ing a nice balance into their own pockets, instead of which 

 many of them find that there is not only plenty of hard work, 

 but the balance is mostly on the wrong side. To give a rough 

 idea of the working of a show, I consider the entry fees should 

 pay the money prizes, the subscriptions pay for cups and hire 

 of pens, and admissions pay the working expenses. To carry 

 out the scale suggested by " J. C." every class must average 

 from twenty-two to twenty-eight entries. Did he ever hear 

 of such a show with only three prizes to a class ? The entiies 

 at the Crystal Palace Show last year averaged about seventeen 

 in a class, which I consider very good. " J. C." may consider 

 that committeemen should be prepared to give £50 out of their 

 own pockets for the benefit of the exhibitors. My advice to 

 "J. C." is, " Make one of a committee to get up a show, let 

 the entry fees and prizes be as you suggest — I promise to give 

 all the support I can, and have no donbt the entries would be 

 large — and when the accounts are all squared, let the readers 

 of the Journal know on which side the balance is found." — 

 L. Ween. 



SuBSCEiBEES Towaehs the Piece of Plate foe Black East 

 luDLiN Ducks. — I have been getting up this for the Birming- 

 ham Show. The winner of the first prize will thus win a picee 

 ofjplate value £4 4s., and the Society's prize of £3. The con- 

 tributors are — Mrs. Hayne, Dorchester, 10s. 6rf. ; Eev. Wm. 

 Serjeantson, Shrewsbury, 10s. 6d. ; Eev. John Eichardson, 

 Sandy, 10s. Gd. ; W. E. George, Esq., Bristol, 10s. Sd. ; G. S. 

 Sainsbury, Esq., Devizes, 10s. 6d. ; J. K. Fowler, Eeq., Ayles- 

 bury, 10s. ed.; Mr. Samuel Burn, Whitby, 10s. 6d. ; Mr. F. 

 Hall, Whitby, 5s. ; F. E. Schofield, Esq., Mo.rpelh, 5s. 6d. ; 

 total, £4 4s.— Samuel Bubx, Wldtby. 



MAKING GRAPE WINE. ' 

 Six days ago I expressed nine gallons of the juice from Black 

 Hamburgh grapes for wine. It began to ferment almost imme- 

 diately. The fermentation continues, and I cannot find the 

 directions of your correspondent " Upwards asd Oswakds " for 

 checking it in case of going too far. I have put 10 lbs. of loaf 

 sugar into the wine ; the grapes were very sweet, and I thought 

 sugar was hardly required. I have also put into it some vege- 

 table charcoal, which a gentleman who makes cider informs 



me would be a valuable addition. Will you inform me in what 

 numbers of the Journal I shall find the needful information ? 

 —J. M. E. 



[Nos. 429 and 452, published in the year 18C9, contain the 

 information required. 



The fermentation of your wine, however, was going on per- 

 fectly well without the addition of vegetable charcoal. It is 

 curious to find how, in the many letters which I receive on this 

 subject, the varying features of quackery will intrude. I de- 

 scribed the plan of checking fermentation at a certain stage 

 merely for the sake of economy ; but " J. M. E." need not be 

 frightened if fermentation goes on to the end unchecked, pro- 

 vided some of the best loaf sugar is given to bring the wine up 

 to the general English palate of 10° before next May, or sooner 

 if convenient, and in order to guard against acetous fermenta- 

 tion during summer. In fact, leaving economy out of con- 

 sideration, further practice and observation have inclined me 

 to allow my best juices to go through their fermentations with- 

 out a check, which the saccharometer will reveal by floating at 

 the index of 0°, and then to rack off and sweeten to taste as 

 above. No sulphuring nor fining will then possibly be required, 

 nor wOl the wines be subject to "cloud" from unfermented 

 sugar, or be so liable to present us with " a last glass of thick '' 

 at the bottom of each bottle on consumption. 



Unless " J. M. E.'s " Black Hamburghs were grown under 

 glass and were perfectly ripe, I should consider 10 lbs. of sugar 

 to nine gallons of juice a minimum quantity, notwithstanding 

 his thinking the grapes were very sweet. 



I begin my Muscadine vintage to-morrow (Nov. 8th), weather 

 permitting. We have a capital yield, and the grapes are in 

 good condition for making into wine. Our Esperione grapes 

 are not good in colour, though sufBciently so for the fabrication 

 of a pink champagne. These I shall let hang, except in case 

 of frost, for a week or so longer, as they are firm, plump, and 

 increasing in their colour. I shall allow them 3| lbs. of sugar 

 per gallon of juice, and that is what I would advise for out-of- 

 door black grapes this unfavourable ripening season ; 3J lbs. 

 of sugar will prove sufficient for the Koyal Muscadines, the best 

 of all out-of-door grapes at present for our uncertain Englisb 

 climate. — Eobeet Fesn.] 



FEEDING BEES. 

 Is " The English Mechanic and World of S:ience," there is 

 a description with a diagram of an ingenious method of adapt- 

 ing the bottle-feeder to hives of straw. A gentleman, who 

 signs himself " Joseph Gadsby," is the in- 

 ventor. As he is not the patentee, but pub- 

 lishes his discovery pro bono publico, I cannot 

 be at fault in extracting the following for the 

 benefit of your readers. He says, " I have 

 made both the round and square feeder [of the 

 old type], and have thrown them aside ag 



feeders and have adapted the bottle 



wilh a small tin made in the shape of a fnnneJ 

 wrong side up, the hole where the spout 

 would be placed made sufficiently large for 

 the bottle neck to go in, and then a tube put in 

 just to fit the neck of the bottle ; and where 

 the bottle neck reaches I fix a piece of per- 

 forated zinc to prevent the bees coming up. 

 This I can fix on either wood boxes or straw 

 hives. By the plan I have attempted to de- 

 scribe I can give them 4 lbs. in every twenty- 

 four hours without any inconvenience." 



Many of your readers who keep bees in 

 hives of straw will be thankful for the hint 

 given in the foregoing extract, as it is often 

 found to be a great practical diffieully. Of 

 course there must be a hole cut in the top of the straw hive, 

 and the tin or zinc cap into which the bottle will go must be 

 made sufficiently large to fit well over the top of the hive, and 

 to support the bottle in an upright position. The whole can 

 be covered over with a conical straw cap and hackle — B.& W. 



j\ 



BEE HUNTING. 



The accompanying sketches, made during a recent jaunt in 

 the Adirondack region, are illustrative of scenes that one may 

 witness, if so disposed, while camping out in the " Wilderness." 



" Max," said one of the ladies of the party to our guide, 

 " there must be quantities of bees in the woods, for they hum 



