December 14, 1871. ] 



JOUBNAIi OP HOBTICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



465 



sad fault of turning its face to the antipodes. " Se tenant Men," 

 or ereet habit, is essential to constitute perfection in Roses, 

 except lofty wall Roses. 



The following Roses can be well recommended both for the 

 garden and for exhibition. Making allowance for Tea Roses 

 and Tea-scented Noisettes, they are hardy, free-blooming, free- 

 growing, and an admirable set of Roses. In the case of dupli- 

 cates and triplicates the reader may select which he likes 

 without harm. They are placed from beginning to end in alter- 

 nations of colour. 



1, Mstieohal Niel ; 2, Pierre Notting ; 3, Madame Chirard ; 

 4, Charles Lefebvre ; 5, William Griffiths ; 6, Alfred Colomb ; 

 7, Edouard Morren ; 8, Perfection de Lyon ; 9, Marguerite de 

 St. Amand ; 10, Madame Victor Verdier ; 11, John Hopper ; 

 12, Maurice Bernardin ; 13, Gloire de Dijon in its globular 

 form ; 14, Marie Eady ; 13, Devoniensis ; 16, Prince Camille 

 de Rjhan, or Empfirenr de Maroc ; 17, Duohesse d'Orleans ; 

 18, Dr. Audry ; 19, Triomphe de Bennes ; 20, Marquise de Cas- 

 tellane, a splendid Rose ; 21, Dae de Gazes ; 22, Elie Morel ; 

 23, Margohal Vaillant ; 24, Souvenir d'Eliae ; 25, Leopold Pre- 

 mier, or Duchesse de Cajlus ; 26, Souvenir de Malmaison ; 

 27, Maclame Boll ; 28, Celine Forestier ; 29, Senateur Vaiese, 

 Lady Siiffield, or Prince de Portia ; 30, Madame Willermoz ; 

 31, Felix Genero, or Madame Fillion ; 32, Madame Boutin ; 

 33, Abel Grand ; 34, -Gloire de Duoher, lake, a grand Rose ; 

 35, Cecile de Chabrillant ; 36, EGve d'Or, choice and a real 

 beauty, golden yellow with coppery centre. 



Now, if the reader can bring these out well for the exhibition 

 table he will have no occasion to be ashamed to meet the dis- 

 tinguished rosarians of England. There are other good Rosea 

 besides those named. — W. F. Radcltite. 



A GAKDENER'S HOLIDAY.— No 4. 



About one mile from Keko is Floors Castle, the seat of the 

 Duke of Rosburghe. A magnificent view of this noble mansion 

 is obtained from the bridge in passing into the town. A new 

 kitchen and flower garden, with very extensive ranges of forcing 

 and plant houses, were laid out about thirteen years ago under 

 the direction of Mr. Rosa (now gardener to Her Majesty at 

 Frogmore), a full description of which appeared in this Journal 

 when Mr. Rose left the service of the Dake. The extent and 

 arrangement of the houses, and principal features of the gar- 

 dens, were detailed at that time. 



The vineries. Peach houses, and principal plant houses are 

 in one range, and consist of seven large span-roofed houses 

 running north and south, connected with a long corridor at 

 the north ends. The upright sashes are quite 6 feet high ; such 

 high upright sashes I do not think desirable, as they are not 

 well adapted either for plant or fruit-growing. The Vines 

 at Floors this year were making fine, strong, short-jointed 

 wood. In previous years, when visiting at this place, I had 

 remarked the heavy crops of Grapes in all the houses, but this 

 season the crop was not so heavy. I learned that it was found 

 necessary to underorop the Vines this year, in order to recruit 

 their energy from the exhausting effect of heavy cropping ; 

 and to improve them further some of the old canes were being 

 removed and young ones trained up on the extension system. 

 A very large number of Lidy Downe's Grape is grown, 

 which is everywhere held in much esteem as the best late- 

 teeping variety. Black Hamburgh and Muscat of Alexandria 

 are grown to the largest extent, the next best black being Black 

 Muscat of Alexandria ; and Foster's Seedling was stated to be 

 the best white not Muscat-flavoured. I have always preferred 

 the BucMand Sweetwater to this, because when well grown it 

 has quite as good a flavour, and has a finer appearance on the 

 dish than Foster's Seedling, which rately finishes off well, the 

 berries when ripe being more often of a green than a golden 

 colour. 



In passing through the large block of span-roofed houses, I 

 noticed in one devoted to stove plants a very fine form of An- 

 thuriam Seherzerianum, the spathes of which were darker 

 than usual, and peculiarly ribbed, which may to some extent 

 be owiog to the treatment. They were as large as any seen 

 at the London exhibitions this year, and there are evidently 

 many forms of this plant, some of them being far superior to 

 the others. In another house was the best collection of Tree or 

 Perpetual-flowering Carnations I have yet seen, and com- 

 prising many new and little-known varieties. These plants 

 would supply a large quantity of cut flowers from October far 

 into winter ; probably Mr. Knight is cutting these flowers all 

 the year round. Most of the plants were two years old, and 



seemed to grow very strongly. In such large houses these plants 

 are, perhaps, the best, whereas in small houses cuttings struck 

 in February and M-ireh are beat adapted for supplying a suc- 

 cession of flowers the following winter. I noted the following 

 as being valuable and distinct: — Beauty, scarlet flake ; Comte 

 de Derby, a large flower with a peculiar shade of bronze in its 

 composition ; Rembrandt, crimson maroon, a very fine flower ; 

 Brilliant, very dark, fine ; Henshaw's Scarlet and Hector, 

 scarlet flake. In front of the large block of houses is a terrace, 

 at the base of which is the flower garden. This has been a 

 very bad season for flowers in the north, and some of the mora 

 tender subjects have failed entirely. Conspicuous from the 

 terrace, and forming the leatre to two large beds, was an ex- 

 cellent strain of Beet ; it was exceedingly effective, much more 

 so than PeriUa for ribbon work. I was informed that it was 

 Dell's. Golden Gem has proved to be the best yellow bedding 

 Calceolaria, and had been selected as the best out of a very 

 large number of different sorts. Christine was the best rose- 

 coloured Pelargonium for bedding. This variety seeds so freely 

 in the south, tkat unless the pods are frequently picked oiJ, the 

 plants look unsightly ; this objection is not urged against it 

 here. Polemonium cseruleum variegatum was very effective in 

 several combinations, and a very chaste and pleasing effect 

 was produced by planting a bed with Parple King Verbena, and 

 an edging of Mangles' Variegated Geranium, allowing the one 

 colour to run into the other. 



A substantial wall divides the flower from the kitchen gar- 

 den, in which there are also flne ranges of houses, and some 

 low span-roofed pits devoted to Melons. Of these a pit in 

 three divisions contained Melons grown in three different ways : 

 one set was trained to a trellis fixed about a foot from the 

 glass ; another was also trained to a wire trellis raised a foot or 

 more above the surface of the bed, and at equal distances from 

 it ; the third set was merely trained over the surface of the 

 ground, as is usual in ordinary dung frames. The largest crop 

 was obtained from those trained over the surface of the bed 

 without a trellis, the largest and best fruii being obtained from 

 the trelliawork. In an adjoining house was a very good crop 

 of the C arrant Tomato. It was an instance of the combination 

 of the ornamental and useful well worthy of imitation. The 

 fruit was very beautiful as it hung from the trellis to which the 

 plants were trained. I also noticed a vast improvement in the 

 appearance of the Pines, they were planted out in beds instead 

 of being grown and fruited in pots as was usual here. Smooth- 

 leaved Cayenne and Qaeens were the principal sorts grown. 



From Floors Castle it is but a short distance to Newton Don, 

 the seat of Charles Balfour, Esq. The mansion is substantial 

 and well built, commanding a very extensive view of the sur- 

 rounding country. It boasts of a picturesque waterfall and 

 extensive woods clothing to the summit ir.-oipitous banks, at 

 the base of which an extensive stream abounding in trout glides 

 rapidly onwards. Mr. Thorn, the head gardener here, is a most 

 worthy representative of the craft. The flower garden is not 

 large, but it is laid out with great taste, and is beautifully kept, 

 although Mr. Thom labours under difficulties. The soil is un- 

 suitable, but this difficulty has been overcome by removing it to 

 the depth of 18 inches, and replacing with suitable material. It 

 is also overshadowed by surrounding trees, especially a row of 

 Limes on the south side, so that the flowers are liable to decay 

 from damp early in the autumn. A small flower garden in 

 front of the mansion continues gay for weeks after the beauty 

 of the other is past. The terrace wall in front of the mansion 

 was planted with Roses and Tropseolums. I suggested to Mr. 

 Thom that Clematis Jackmanni would be a good substitute for 

 the Tropfeolum, and I found he had already prepared plants of 

 this type of Clematis for that purpose. This beautiful class of 

 plants is now being extensively planted for covering low walls 

 or old decayed stumps of trees ; and as a new and striking 

 feature in flower-garden work they are, as they deserve to be, 

 the subjects of universal admiration. 



In the kitchen garden there are some well-arranged mixed 

 borders planted with Antirrhinums, Phloxes, Pentstemons, 

 and the showiest of herbaceous plants, a class which has always 

 found a place here. These are backed up by Dahlias and 

 HoUjhooks, the borders being divided from the kitchen-garden 

 quarters by rows of Sweet Peas. The heavy loam of this garden 

 is peculiarly adapted for the Hollyhock, and I have tever seen 

 such spikes in England as those with which Mr. Thom used 

 to carry off the principal prizes at Kelso fifteen years ago. I 

 noticed one border which used to be . devoted to the Ehow 

 Dahlias. It was now filled with Gladiolus and Carnations, 

 both of which were doing well, the Gladiolus being a healthy 



