132 



JOURNAL OF HOKTICULTURB AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ February 16, 1871. 



as better-bred birds, and do not make aa much, We do not think he 

 ■would be TV'ise to giye up a permanent employment for poultry-keepinp', 

 but we would advise him to begin with a few. He will gain experience, 

 and will see how far it will answer. Ko man in the ordinary trade can 

 breed enough to live by it, be must collect from the surrounding country. 

 He will have to buy them in lean and to fatten tbcm. This renders it 

 necessary to keep a horse and cart, and a cow. Good poultry cannot be 

 made without mitk. If your friend could get into relation with some man 

 at the nearest seaport and sell to him, it would probably be the best tbing 

 he can do, as it will reduce bis venture to a certainty. We believe 

 poultry will be found a valuable adjunct ; but knowing as much as we do 

 on the subject, we do not advise anyone to give up a permanent employ- 

 ment to take to poultry. 



Silver- SPANGLED Hamburghs' Combs (C. M. M.}.— It is most difficult 

 to breed prize cocks and hens from the same stock. It generally takes 

 two yards to do it. The hollows in the combs are serious defects, and 

 would disqualify from a first prize with any really first-rate judge. We 

 would not breed from a cock with such a defect. 



Breeding Black Hamburghs (Baron). — They are bred in all the ways 

 you mention. We like a Spanish hen and a dark Yorkshire black-breasted 

 Golden-spangled Hamburgh cock. In whatever way you breed them, 

 you have to breed out one point and increase another afterwards. 



Crooeed-breasted Cock (J. S. Z.).—Yon should tell us the breed of 

 your bird. In a Game cock we would not suffer a deviation from the 

 straight line in the breastbone. In birds of weight we should not be so 

 particular, but if we had a perfectly straight-breasted one we would 

 discard the crooked were it ever so trifling. 



Fowls for Laying (A Suhscrlher).—Grcye-CcevLV, Houdan, or Spanish ; 

 we think the first. 



Breed of Hen (G. E. A.),~Wg have little doubt that the hen in ques- 

 tion is a Creve-Coeur, Your description tallies with that of the breed. 

 Hub the bare place on the neck with compound sulphur ointment. 



Silver-pencilled HAi^iBURGns [A Subscriber).— Thero are two pencil- 

 lings to be avoided; one so faint as to be indistinct, the other so very 

 dark and pervading, that it forms blotches ; this is called mossy. Ham- 

 burghs should not be thick and squat, but rather taper in shape and form. 

 The comb should be a well-defined double comb mth a pike at the back 

 turiiing upwards. It should be full of points, have no hollow in the 

 centre, and be fixed firmly on the head, inclining to neither side. No 

 other comb is admissible. A Guinea Fowl has no comb, it has a knob; 

 Choose the birds that are nearest to our description. 



Fowls Losing Head and Neck Feathers (F. T., Ewo}i).—lt is pro- 

 bable your fowls peck each other's feathers. Rnb the bare spots with 

 compound sulphur ointment. It is probable as the weather changes, if 

 your fowls have a grass run, they will discontinue the practice. If they 

 have not, you must supply them with sodg of growing prase cut with. 

 plenty of mould, and with green stuff of some kind. Generally when 

 fowls eat each other's feathers, it is because they lack something neces- 

 sary to their well-being, and feathers are a substitxite. 



Hen Dropping her Eggs (C. M. S.).— The hen drops her eggs because 

 she is out of condition. You can prevent her dropping them by removing 

 the perches, or you can save the eggs by putting hay or sawdust under 

 the perches. You do not overfeed, but we advise you to substitute barley- 

 meal for barley, and whole maize for ground. We do not think you have 

 any right to complain of the laying. From three hens in fifteen days you 

 have twenty-two eggs in very bad weather ; each hen laying every al- 

 ternate dfty would produce the number, and that is an excellent average. 

 If you were to add those dropped from the perch, and thereby lost, we 

 believe you have done better than your neighbours. 



Hardiness of Haimburghs {Hcnrieus). — We believe the Golden Ham- 

 burgh of both varieties to be hardier than the Silver, and the Spangled 

 hardier than the Pencilled. Birds should not be sent out in a deplorable 

 state. 



Shooting Stray Fowls {Ridicidus Bhis), — Your neighbour will act 

 illegally if he shoots your fowls which invade his garden, but he may 

 Bue you in the County Court for the trespass. 



Swindlers (6f. G.). — The parties you name at Walham may be swind- 

 lers, and we will communicate with the police. Buyers and sellers of 

 poultry need never be swindled if they would adopt the caution we have 

 so frequently urged. 



PoRTSMocTH SHOW (W. T. S.).— The Secretary ought to return your 

 money if he did not send you a catalogue. The post office may be to 

 blame. The Judge was competent, and no one can say fairly " My birds 

 ought to have won," unless he first sees those with which they competed. 



Wby-tailed Game Cock (Brown Red).— Do not breed from him if a 

 natural deformity. It is hereditary. 



Pigeon not Eating and Injured ey a Shot (H. Prince). — If there is 

 any life in your bird it would eat hcmpseed, which would do it good. 

 Most probably, as it cannot eat, not the wing only but tbe body of the 

 bird was injured, and by this time it is dead. If alive, bathe with warm 

 water first, and after the sliin is well healed a very mild solution of iodine 

 would strengthen it. 



Bee Management (T. H. T.).— "Bee-Keeping for the Blany," which 

 may be had by post direct from this office for five«tamps. If you erect a 

 shed let it be a lean-to against a wall facing any aspect from south-east 

 to Fouth-we^t. It should be elosed at the ends, but either entirely open 

 in frontj or covered obly with pheasant wire, with a good-sized semi- 

 circular opening opposite the entrance to each hive, and should be of 

 sufficient width ti admit of all operations being conducted at the back. 

 If you mean to go in for mere ordinary bee-keeping, uee only the com- 

 mon cottage hive; if for the depriving system, adopt fiat-topped straw 

 hives and supers, such as the "economic hive" which will be described 

 next week, or P lyne'a Improved cottage hive ; if for scientific and experi- 

 mental bee-koeping, you had better goat once to the Woodbury frame- 

 hive. 



Death of a Queen (A Novice).— The loss of a queen at this season is 

 an irretrievable misfortune. The remaining bees should be at once ex- 

 pelled by driving, and united to the nearest stock, whilst the contents of 

 the hive may either be appropriated by the bee-keeper, or the whole care- 

 fully put by intact in a safe place to be again tenanted By a swarm in due 

 geason. 



Transferring Bees (G. Cinmnings).~'i^Q attempt at transferring bees 

 should be made until the hive becomes well populated— say towiirde the 

 ead of April, or during the month of May, according to ciicumstances, 

 and then the combs should be transferred as well as the bees, or an 

 enormous destruction of brood will be the consequence. It would be 

 useless for any but a very advanced bee-master to attempt the transfer 

 into a bar-hive, but with the aid of frames the task is far less difficult, 

 and the mode of accomplishing it has been more than once fully de- 

 scribed in these columns— as for example, in our number for July 22nd, 

 1869. If, however, you are not able to rWer to back numbers, and are 

 desirous of attempting the operation, you can write again, and if de- 

 sired we shall be happy to repeat the necessary instructions. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS, 



Camden, Square, London. 



Lat. 51° 32' 40" N. ; Long. 0^ S' 0" W. ; Altitude 111 feet. 



Date. 



9 A.H. 



In the Day. 







, gj 









Shade Tem- 



Radiation 



i 



1871. 



e^ o'3 



Hygrome- 



Direc- 



Temp. 



peratm-e. 



Temperature 







ter. 



tion of 

 Wind 



of Soil 

 at 1 ft 







M 



Feb. 











Dry. 1 Wet. 







Max.j Mln. 



Sun. Grass. 







Inches. 



deg. 



deg. 





deg. 



deg. 



deg. 



deg. 



deg. 



In. 



We. 8 



29.964 



49.4 



49.1 



W. S.W. 



S8.5 



518 



41.1 



61.0 



40.8 







Th. 9 



29.969 



43.2 



40.2 



N.W. 



40.2 



48.8 



87.8 



80.9 



84.0 



0.132 



Fi-i. 10 



29.456 



40 3 



S9.4 



S.E. 



89.3 



44.8 



85.6 



81.8 



81.4 



0.172 



Sat, 11 



30.123 



26.1 



25 1 



N.E. 



38.3 



30.0 



26.0 



54.0 



26.4 





Sim. 1-2 



29.866 



86 8 



S6,5 



S.E. 



37.0 



41.3 



25.8 



42.2 



25.7 



0.020 



Mo. 13 



29.905 



43.1 



4S.0 



N. 



86.4 



50.2 



86.4 



86.2 



34.4 





Tu. 11 



30.167 



41.5 



89.2 



S.W. 



36.8 



4S.5 



33.5 



7G.2 



29.7 



— 



Means 



29.921 



40.0 



88.9 





88.1 



45.0 



33.7 



63.9 



81.8 



0.324 



REMAEES. 

 8th. — Dull and damp ertrly, fine evening. 

 9th.— Very fine day, clear starli.aht eveaing. 



10th — Barometer falling rapidly {about 0.07 per hour), a wild, wet morn- 

 ing, barometer lowest at 1 p.:ir. (29 265 inches), being more iiban 

 three-quarters of an inch lower than at 9 p.m., on the 9th. After- 

 noon fine with rapidly rising barometer, and a northerly gale in the 

 evening. 

 nth.— Very cold day, the shade temperature not rising to freezing point. 

 12th. — Milder, damp, dull day. 

 13th.— Fine, bright day, sun quite warm at times, black-bulb thermometer 



reached 86 2. Fog in evening. 

 14th. — Bright, mild, genial day, hazy in evening. — G. J. Stuions. 



COVENT GARDEN MAREET.— Februart 15. 

 Very little variation has taken place, the open weather having afforded 

 us a better supply. Our quotations remain much the same. Good 

 dessert Pears are in somewhat better request, also good forced vegetables. 

 Large quantities of ordinary Apples are in the market, and it is difficult 

 to effect sales of them. Lurge arrivals of Potatoes are again to hand, 

 and only very choice parcels obtain last week's rates. 





B, d. B. d 



1 to 2 

 

 



10 18 

 

 

 

 2 



2 2 6 

 



5 10 



6 10 

 10 4 



VEGET 



B. d. B. d 

 to 



7 10 

 2 SO 

 

 2 8 

 9 16 



8 4 

 10 2 

 

 4 8 



2 6 

 16 2 



3 6 

 16 SO 

 



2 

 OS 

 8 

 8 SO 



3 E 



IIT. 



lb. 



s. 

 

 

 6 

 

 1 

 3 

 5 

 

 

 

 

 10 

 1 



B. 

 



1 

 1 





 4 

 

 8 

 

 

 2 

 8 

 

 

 1 

 2 

 

 8 

 

 

 



d. B. 

 too 

 

 10 

 

 8 

 8 

 S 

 

 

 

 

 16 

 i 



d. B. 

 4to 

 2 

 2 

 2 

 7 

 4 

 6 

 9 1 

 

 4 

 4 

 6 1 

 9 1 

 6 2 

 8 

 6 

 5 

 

 6 

 



a 







Apricots doz. 







n 





. . . !$» 100 













n 



Cun-ants 4 sieve 



Black do. 



Pears, kitchen .. 



doz. 











Figs doz. 



Filberts lb. 



Cobs lb. 



Pine Apples .... 

 Plums 



lb. 



. i sieve 





 

 



Gooseberries quart 



Grapes, Hothouse.... lb. 

 Lemons ^100 





lb. 







Strawberries .. 



Walnuts 



do 



lb. 



. bushel 

 ... ^100 





 



n 





ABLES. 



Leeis 



. bunch 



d 

 



AsparagiiB 3^100 



BeansjKidney ....Tf^lOO 

 Broad bushel 







Mushrooms .... 

 Mustard & Cress 



Onions 



pickling 



Parsley 



Parsnips 



Peas 



. pottlo 

 .punnet 

 . bushel 

 ... quart 

 .. sieve 

 .... doz. 

 .. quart 

 .bushel 



do. 



bunches 

 ..bundle 



6 

 

 



Broccoli bundle 



Brusaela Sprouts. . i sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capaicuma ^,'^> 100 



Carrots bunch 





 

 

 



n 



Kidney 



Radishes .. doz. 

 Rhubarb 









II 



Coleworta . . doz. bunches 



Cucumbers each 



pickling doz. 



ti 







Sea- kale 



Shallots 



..basket 

 lb. 





 6 



Fennel bunch 



Spinach bushel 



Tomatoes doz. 



Turnips bunch 



Vegetable Marrows .. doz . 







Garlic lb. 







Herbs bunch 



u 



Horaeradish .... bundle 







POULTRY MARKET.— February 15. 

 Finer weather, the meeting of Parliament, and the conclusion of the 

 game season have given a little more life to the market. The supply is 

 somewhat below tho average, but it is equal to tho demand. 



B. 



Pigeons 1 



Rabbits 1 



Wildditto 



Hares S 



Guinea Fowl...,. 2 



Grouse ,, 



Large Fowls . . . . 

 Smaller ditto 



s. 

 .... 8 



.... a 

 .... 1 



d. s. 

 6 to 4 

 C S 

 9 2 

 2 

 8 

 9 2 



d 





 

 

 6 

 

 3 









... 7 



Pheasants 



.... 1 



d. 



s. d. 







to I 3 



5 



1 6 



9 



10 



II 



8 10 







2 6 







9 



