Jane IS, 1871. ] 



JOUENAL OF HOBTICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GABDENEE. 



423 



entirely tree from that grey lichen which, I am oonstrainecl to 

 Bay, infests Apple trees in Kent more than I have ever seen in 

 any other county, and I think more in the ragstone district 

 than on the other. I do not mean old worn-out trees alone, 

 bnt middle-aged trees, that ought to have been only at their 

 best, become covered with it, and the wonder of trait-growers 

 from other districts is, that trees so much encumbered with 

 moss should bear good fruit. A remedy for this is not so easily 

 obtained, but a hint may be taken from the condition of trees 

 near the coast, especially the west one ; they being perfectly 



free from moss, although stunted and far from healthy, we may 

 fairly conclude the sea breezes, with now and then a sprinkling 

 of salt spray, keep this pest down, and perhaps some experi- 

 mentalist might do some good by exercising his Hop-washing 

 engine with weak salt water during winter, when there are no 

 leaves on the trees to do injury to. I merely throw out the 

 hint, as I have reason to believe, from what little I have tried 

 of it myself, that salt water is more efQcaoious than quick- 

 lime in killing moss on trees. 



(To be continued.) 



GROUND LEVELLING AND PRACTICAL GARDEN PLOTTING.— No. 18. 



DRAWING PLANS, 



To draw and transfer 7?(/. 

 41 to the ground. Prom 

 centre o draw circle abed 

 e f; divide it into five 

 equal parts as before de- 

 scribed. With point /as 

 centre draw arc 1, 1, as in- 

 dicated by the thick and 

 dotted lines ; from the 

 same point draw are 2, 2, 

 as shown by radius / 2, 2 ; 

 and from the same point 

 draw arcs 3 and 4. Prom 

 points a, b, c, e, draw cor- 

 responding arcs, and from 

 centre o draw the outside 

 circle. 



To transfer ftj. 41 to 

 the ground. Find the 

 centre of the piece of 

 ground, insert a peg as at 

 centre o, and lay the dia- 

 meter line a d. From 

 centre o, with a string 

 88 feet long, trace the out- 

 side circle ; reduce the 

 string 4 feet, and trace 

 circle a b c d e f with 

 radius o a. From points 

 a and d trace arcs inter- 

 secting at t. Divide the 

 diameter line a d, as de- 

 scribed in fi/;. 40 (page 

 386) ; lay a line from arc 

 t, passing through the se- 

 cond division and cutting 

 the circle in /; insert a 

 peg at point/; lay a line 

 from / to a, which is one 

 side of the polygon, and 



Fig. 41. Scale 24 feet to the inch. 



apply the cord five times 

 to the circle and insert a 

 peg at each point, as at 

 points a, b, c, e, f. From 

 the peg at point /, with 

 a string 45 feet long, trace 

 arc 1, as shown by / 1, 

 There it is better to trace 

 the arc from one side of 

 the circle to the other, as 

 shown by the thick and 

 dotted line. As the arcs- 

 are traced from the cor- 

 responding points of the 

 polygon, the walks can be 

 easily determined, and aUo 

 the angles of the beds.. 

 Then reduce the string 

 4 feet, which is the width 

 of the walk, and trace arc 

 2, as shown by the thick 

 and dotted line. From 

 the same point, with a. 

 string 18 feet long, trace 

 arc 3 ; reduce the string. 

 4 feet and trace arc 4, 

 From the pegs at points 

 a, b, c, e, with the same 

 lengths of string, trace 

 similar arcs, and the de- 

 sign is complete. The five 

 triangular figures round 

 the centre pentagon are 

 beds. Where the lines cut 

 each other are the angles 

 of the beds, w indicatea 

 the walks, e the beds. — 

 M. O'DoNNELL. Gardener ten 

 E. Leeming, Esq., Spring. 

 Grove, Richmond. 



PORTRAITS OF PLANTS, FLOWERS, AND FRUITS. 



Drymoda mcta (Spotted Drymoda). Nat. ord., Orchidaeeos. 

 Linn., Gynandria Monandria. — Native of Moulmein. A pigmy 

 Orchid, not 2 inches high. Flowers greenish, purple-spotted. 

 —{Bot. Mag., t. 5904.) 



Ehododendeon siNENSE (Chinese Ehododendrou). Nat. ord., 

 Ericaceffi. Linn., Decandria Monogynia. — Native of North 

 China and Japan. Formerly this was called an Azalea, but 

 " botanists are now pretty well agreed in considering that 

 Azalea can no longer be considered a distinct genus from 

 Bhododendron." Flowers dull orange. — (Ihid., t. 5905.) 



Andeosaoe caknea var. exihia (Showy Flesh-coloured An- 

 drosace). Nat. ord., Primulaceaa. Linn., Pentandria Mono- 

 gynia. — Native of the Pyrenees and Alps. Flowers pinkish 

 purple.— (IMd., t. 5906.) 



Fuchsia sessilipolia (Stalkless-leaved Fuchsia). Nat. ord., 

 Onagraceaa. Linn., Octandria Monogynia. — Native of Colom- 

 bia. Leafy greenhouse shrub from 3 to 6 feet high. Calyx 

 pinkish and green ; corolla crimson. — (Ibid., t. 5907.) 



DoKSTENiA Mannii (Mr. Mann's Dorstenia). Nat. ord., Mo- 

 race^e. Linn., Tetrandria Monogynia.- — Native of Old Calabar. 

 All the parts of fructification green. A diminutive plant. — 

 (Ibid., t. 5908). 



CuKCUMA AiBiFLORA (White-flowered Curcuma). Nat, ord., 



Soitaminacefe. Liun., Monandria Monogynia. — Native of 

 Ceylon. Flowers white ; lip yellow-bordered.- — (I&icZ., t. 5909.) 



Primula japonioa (Japanese Primrose). — " Hail ! Queen o£ 

 Primroses ! — for so its introducer designates the lovely flower 

 we now figure, which is hardy as a peasant, resplendent as a 

 princess. It is just ten years since Mr. Fortune met with it in 

 Japan, a basketful of blooming plants having been brought to 

 his door ; they were of course secured, but the journey home 

 was too much for them, and despite every care none reached' 

 England alive. Ever since that time endeavours have been 

 made to introduce this lovely plant, but till now without suc- 

 cess, since the seeds have been found to lose their germinating 

 power in the course of transmission to Europe. At last, how- 

 ever, perseverance has been rewarded, and from seeds sent to 

 Mr. Fortune by W. Keswick, Esq., of China, and Messrs.. 

 Walsh, Hall, & Co., of Japan, plants have been raised in the 

 establishment of Mr. Bull, of Chelsea. Our gardens have thus 

 secured a perfectly new, thoroughly hardy, and exquisitely 

 lovely Primrose, one which is not only valuable on account of 

 its intrinsic beauty, but doubly valuable as placing in the 

 hands of the hybridiser important new materials, which will 

 no doubt soon be turned to good account. 



" This Primula japonica, which has been characterised by Pro- 



