Glaciation in the Australian Alps. 25 



masses of boulder clay and auriferous gravels, and heavy- 

 transported boulders, &c, for five or six miles to the town- 

 ship of Omeo. It is interesting to note the geological 

 structure of Mount Livingstone in connection with the 

 superficial accumulation of boulders, clays, and gravels at its 

 northern base. The northern spurs and crest of the moun- 

 tain are made up of bands of mica schist, nodular argillaceo- 

 mica schist, quarfczitic schist, intersected by numerous 

 diabasic, dioritic, and porplryritic dykes ; and the southern 

 slopes, towards Jim-and-Jack Creek, consist principally of 

 gneiss — gneiss passing into metamorphic granite, with broad 

 dykes of brownish quartz-porphyry and granitite. To the 

 east of Mount Livingstone, the country is more open and 

 undulating for about six miles, until the thickly timbered 

 and steeper rocky spurs from the Great Dividing Range are 

 reached. This lower area of undulating ridges and rounded 

 hills, which constitutes the settled area near Omeo, is 

 intersected by several small watercourses, most of which 

 exhibit what appears to be very distinct evidences of 

 glaciation. One in particular, Deep Flume Creek, contains 

 numerous groovings and markings on the rocky outcrops 

 where the surface soils have been removed on its southern 

 slopes. The creek runs westerly to its confluence with the 

 Livingstone, while the markings are persistently northerly, 

 and vary in diameter and depth from furrows six inches 

 deep and nine inches wide to fine markings — scratches like 

 those made with a sharp instrument. They are also con- 

 tinuous for ten or twelve feet, and cut the strike of the rocks 

 on which they occur. The latter consist of mica schists, 

 hornfels and gneiss ; while at higher levels, on the hill-side, 

 masses of an intrusive quartzite are seen to be planed and- 

 smoothed down in the direction of the lower markings, viz., 

 that of the Livingstone Creek Valley. In many places, 

 masses of clay and angular debris still cover the markings, 

 while at higher levels the spurs and ridges are capped with 

 gravel. Another creek, Day's Creek, which enters the 

 main stream near Omeo, has on its eastern slopes a rounded 

 hillock, which is abraded and worn down by glacier action;, 

 for a hard hornblendic diorite dyke on its northern face is 

 grooved and striated, also in the direction of the Livingstone 

 Creek Valley. The lower courses of this stream have cut 

 through the old lake-bed at Omeo, which extends from 

 Jim - and - Jack Creek, previously described. Another 

 watercourse, Wilson's Creek, which enters from the 



