no 



miles presented a rugged surface, and the prevailing rocks were 

 sandstone and clay slate ; but occasionally the tops of the hills 

 formed low terraces composed of a quartzose conglomerate. In 

 the bed of a creek in lat. 28° 26', and on the meridian of Paramatta, 

 (151° east long.), a hard slaty rock was noticed; and the country 

 beyond it was found to be composed, where it could be examined 

 ill the dry water-courses, of flint}'^ slate. In lat. 28° 13' the party 

 entered upon a fertile district which extended for 18 miles, or to the 

 foot of the " Dividing Range," in the parallel of 28°. At the base 

 of these mountains Mr. Cunningham procured specimens of basalt 

 containing olivine; at the height of 1877 feet above the level of the 

 sea, the rock consisted of amygdaloid ; and the summit, 4100 feet 

 above Moreton Bay, of a brick-red cellular trap, the cells having 

 an elongated form and parallel direction. 



From this station the author directed his course back towards 

 Hunter's River, but chose a route to the east of that by which he 

 had arrived at the foot of the " Dividing Range." In a ravine about 

 20 miles from the extreme point of his journey, and on the confines 

 of a mountainous region, a reddish granite occurred, and the prevail- 

 ing formation in the hilly district itself was grey granite. Leaving 

 this mountainous country and directing his course south-west- 

 ward, Mr. Cunningham entered upon a region, composed of clay 

 slate ; and in lat. 29° he arrived at a deep gorge similarly con- 

 stituted, and traversed by a rapid stream, in the bed of which he 

 noticed large boulders of the gray granite. During the next 40 

 miles the only rocks observed were reddish granite and fragments of 

 basalt. In lat. 29° 26' large masses of a fine quartzose conglomerate 

 occurred, and were afterwards found to be very generally scattered 

 over the adjacent country. The boundary hills of " Wilmot Val- 

 ley " are stated to be a fine-grained grey granite ; and those which 

 form the head of it, in lat. 30° 11', of brownish porphyry, containing 

 grains of quartz. The party having crossed these hills, traversed 

 Liverpool Plains and the " Dividing Range" to Hunter's River, and 

 thence returned to the station from v?hich they originally set out. 



Mr. Cunningham next offers some remarks on the geology of 

 Moreton Bay and Brisbane River, both of which he visited in 1828, 

 for the purpose of connecting his observations at the foot of the 

 " Dividing Range" in lat. 28° with the sea coast. 



The western shores of Moreton Bay, from the entrance of Pumice- 

 stone River to Red-Cliff Point, are faced by a reef of considerable 

 breadth, a ledge of which at low water afforded specimens of chal- 

 cedony. 



In ascending the Brisbane River, which falls into Moreton Bay, the 

 first rock observed was talc or chlorite slate; and opposite the settle- 

 ment, 16 miles from the mouth of the river, is a quarry of pink clay- 

 stone porphyry, used for building. In the ravines further up occurs 

 serpentine traversed by veins of asbestus and magnetic iron. Sixty 

 miles from Moreton Bay, beds of hornstone crop out in the banks; 

 and in the same part of the river a considerable seam of coal appears 

 in its channel. A portion of the stem of a fossil plant was found 



