195 



occurrence. Immense accumulations of coarse gravel and clay ob- 

 scure the flanks, and sometimes hide, for vast spaces, the disturbed 

 and denuded strata of red sandstone along the chief anticlinal line. 



Attention is then directed to the position of the lower strata of the 

 new red sandstone, around the coal-fields of Colebrook Dale and 

 South Stafi'ordshire ; and in confirmation of opinions expressed in 

 former communications, the author cites several examples near Wol- 

 verhampton and Dudley, particularly one at Sedgely, where the coal 

 itself is thrown up at an angle of about 40°, the strike being north 

 and south, with the lower new red sandstone conformable to it; and 

 from these evidences he concludes that the principal lines of fracture 

 along the margin of these coal-fields took place after the deposition 

 of the new red sandstone series, and that, therefore, the break so 

 prevalent in the South-west of England, between the upper part of 

 the coal measures and the new red sandstone, can no longer be con- 

 sidered as of general application in English geology. 



From the amount of dislocation which has taken place throughout 

 all this region, accompanied by an enormous destruction of masses 

 of new red sandstone, and from the protrusion of so many points of 

 trap rock, some of which cut through that formation, the author is 

 disposed to think that the recently described outlier of Lias at Clo- 

 verly and Frees, in Shropshire, may have been originally connected with 

 the chief escarpment of lias in Warwickshire and Worcestershire, there 

 being in the large accumulations of gravel in the intermediate country, 

 many lias shells, which may have been derived from the destruction 

 of once continuous strata of that formation. 



In conclusion, he recapitulates what in former memoirs read to the 

 Society he has endeavoured to show — 



1st, That certain trap rocks have been evolved during the forma- 

 tion of the transition rocks : 



2ndly, That others have burst forth subsequently to the consolidation 

 of these older strata, throwing them into vertical and broken forms, 

 and producing metalliferous veins in them : 



3rdly, That this period of activity was anterior to the formation of 

 the coal measures, as is proved by the strata of the latter resting un- 

 conformably upon the highly inclined edges of the transition rocks. 



Carrying on the inquiry from this point, the present memoir demon- 

 strates, 4thly, that igneous agency evolving precisely similar products 

 has been renewed at a much later period upon one of these lines of 

 ancient eruption ; and, finally, that the great disruptions around the 

 flanks of the central coal-fields of England took place after the accu- 

 muiation of the new red sandstone. 



A paper was afterwards read, "On the Crag of part of Essex and 

 Suffolk ;" by Edward Charlesworth, Esq.; communicated by Edward 

 William Brayley, Esq., F.G.S. 



After stating that the only direct information respecting the crag 

 is to be found in the works of Mr. R. C. Taylor and Mr. Woodward, 

 on Norfolk, and in Mr. Lyell's Principles of Geology, the author 

 quotes an extract from Prof. Phillips's Guide to Geology, to show 



